Table 1:
Study | Correlation Coefficient | Coefficient 95% Confidence Interval | Total Sample Size | Mean Age | Adolescent vs. Adult |
Measure of Gender Nonconfor mity | Gender | Country | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Baams (2013) | 0.218 | 0.077, 0.349 | 192 | 19.2 | Adult | Current | M, F | Netherlands |
2 | Bui (2010) | 0.256 | 0.140, 0.364 | 268 | 17 | Adolescent | Childhood | M | USA |
3 | Cannon (2007) | 0.180 | 0.093, 0.265 | 488 | 35.32 | Adult | Childhood | M | USA |
4 | Cook (2013) | 0.186 | 0.083, 0.285 | 353 | 24.8 | Adult | Current | M | South Africa |
5 | D’Augelli (2002) | 0.160 | 0.051, 0.265 | 320 | 19.2 | Adult | Childhood | C | USA/Canada/ New Zealand |
6 | D’Augelli (2006) | 0.143 | 0.059, 0.225 | 528 | 17.03 | Adolescent | Childhood | C | USA |
7 | Everett (2019) | 0.040 | −0.039, 0.119 | 612 | 39.17 | Adult | Current | F | USA |
8 | Feinstein (2012) | 0.230 | 0.142, 0.314 | 467 | 31.24 | Adult | Childhood | C | -- |
9 | Friedman (2006) | 0.354 | 0.165, 0.518 | 96 | 20.32 | Adult | Childhood | M | USA |
10 | Kosciw (2014) | 0.181 | 0.141, 0.220 | 6083 | 16 | Adolescent | Current | C | USA |
11 | Kosciw (2016) | 0.234 | 0.186, 0.282 | 5422 | 16.1 | Adolescent | Current | C | USA |
12 | Landolt (2004) | 0.370 | 0.241, 0.486 | 191 | 38.6 | Adult | Childhood | M | Canada |
13 | Lehavot (2011) | 0.098 | 0.045, 0.150 | 1381 | 33.54 | Adult | Current | F | USA |
14 | Levitt (2002) | 0.229 | 0.003, 0.432 | 71 | -- | -- | Current | F | USA |
15 | McCutcheon (2018) | 0.145 | 0.078, 0.211 | 835 | 18.78 | Adult | Childhood | C | USA |
16 | Pachankis (2015) | 0.257 | 0.160, 0.349 | 374 | 37 | Adult | Childhood | M | USA |
17 | Pilkington (1995) | 0.190 | 0.050, 0.322 | 194 | 18.9 | Adult | Current | C | USA |
18 | Plöderl (2009) | 0.295 | 0.135, 0.440 | 142 | 35.87 | Adult | Childhood | M, F | Austria |
19 | Puckett (2016) | 0.160 | 0.061, 0.256 | 383 | 39.3 | Adult | Current | C | USA |
20 | Reisen (2013) | 0.220 | 0.110, 0.325 | 301 | 41 | Adult | Current | M | USA |
21 | Sandfort (2016) | 0.276 | 0.141, 0.401 | 196 | 26.7 | Adult | Current | M | South Africa |
22 | Timmins (2018) | 0.043 | −0.280, 0.358 | 38 | 29.2 | Adult | Childhood | C | Multiple |
23 | Timmins (2019) | 0.193 | 0.164, 0.222 | 4248 | 29.9 | Adult | Childhood | C | Multiple |
24 | Van Beusekom (2018) | 0.108 | 0.035, 0.180 | 724 | 31.42 | Adult | Current | M, F | Netherlands |
25 | Woodford (2014) | 0.120 | 0.007, 0.230 | 299 | 24 | Adult | Current | C | USA |
Average | 0.185 | 0.158, 0.211 | 968.24 | 27.48 | |||||
Total | 24206 |
Notes: -- Information was not provided in manuscript; M: results separately reported for men; F: results separately reported for women; C: only results combined for men and women reported.