Table 2.
Overview of the 49 basic recipes extracted from 185 clinical remedies based on the “monarch stratum principle”
| NO. | Basic Recipes | Jun (Monarch) | Chen (Minister) | Zuo (assistant) | Shi (courier) | Herb Amounts | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Maxingshigan Decoction | Herba Ephedrae (麻黄, Ma Huang), Gypsum Fibrosum (石膏, Shi Gao) | Semen Armeniacae Amarum (杏仁, Xing Ren) | Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao) | 4 | 30 | |
| 2 | Yinqiao Powder | Fructus Forsythiae (连翘, Lian Qiao), Flos Lonicerae (金银花, Jin Yin Hua) | Herba Menthae Heplocalycis (薄荷, Bo He), Fructus Arctii (牛蒡子, Niu Bang Zi), Herba Schizonepetae (荆芥, Jing Jie), Semen Sojae Preparatum (淡豆豉, Dan Dou Chi) | Radix Platycodonis (桔梗, Jie Geng), Rhizoma Phragmitis (芦根, Lu Gen), Lophatherum gracile (淡竹叶, Dan Zhu Ye) | Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao) | 10 | 29 |
| 3 | Yupingfeng Powder | Radix Astragali seu Hedysari (黄芪, Huang Qi) | Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (白术, Bai Zhu) | Radix Saposhnikoviae (防风, Fang Feng) | 3 | 18 | |
| 4 | Maxingyigan Decoction | Herba Ephedrae (麻黄, Ma Huang) | Semen Armeniacae Amarum (杏仁, Xing Ren), Semen Coicis (薏苡仁, Yi Yi Ren) | 4 | 13 | ||
| 5 | Shenfu Decoction | Radix Ginseng (人参, Ren Shen), Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata (附子, Fu Zi) | 2 | 11 | |||
| 6 | Xuanbaichengqi Decoction | Gypsum Fibrosum (石膏, Shi Gao), Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (大黄, Da Huang) | Semen Armeniacae Amarum (杏仁, Xing Ren), Fructus Trichosanthis (瓜蒌, Gua Lou) | 4 | 11 | ||
| 7 | Shengmai Powder | Radix Ginseng (人参, Ren Shen) | Radix Ophiopogonis (麦冬, Mai Dong) | Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis (五味子, Wu Wei Zi) | 3 | 10 | |
| 8 | Dayuan Decoction | Fructus Tsaoko (草果, Cao Guo) | Semen Arecae (槟榔, Bin Lang), Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis (厚朴, Hou Po) | Rhizoma Anemarrhenae (知母, Zhi Mu), Radix Scutellariae (黄芩, Huang Qin), Radix Paeoniae Alba (白芍, Bai Shao), Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao) | 7 | 9 | |
| 9 | Huopuxialing Decoction | Herba Agastaches (藿香, Huo Xiang), Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis (厚朴, Hou Po), Rhizoma Pinelliae (半夏, Ban Xia), Poria (茯苓, Fu Ling) | Semen Armeniacae Amarum (杏仁, Xing Ren), Semen Coicis (薏苡仁, Yi Yi Ren), Fructus Amomi Rotundus (豆蔻, Dou Kou) | Polyporus Umbellatus (猪苓, Zhu Ling), Semen Sojae Preparatum (淡豆豉, Dan Dou Chi), Rhizoma Alismatis (泽泻, Ze Xie) | 10 | 9 | |
| 10 | Huoxiangzhengqi powder | Herba Agastaches (藿香, Huo Xiang) | Rhizoma Pinelliae (半夏, Ban Xia), Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (陈皮, Chen Pi), Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (白术, Bai Zhu), Poria (茯苓, Fu Ling) | Folium Perillae (紫苏叶, Zi Su Ye), Radix Angelicae Dahuricae (白芷, Bai Zhi), Pericarpium Arecae (大腹皮, Da Fu Pi), Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis (厚朴, Hou Po), Radix Platycodonis (桔梗, Jie Geng), Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens (生姜, Sheng Jiang), Fructus Jujubae (大枣, Da Zao) | Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao) | 13 | 8 |
| 11 | Angongniuhuang Pills | Calculus Bovis (牛黄, Niu Huang), Rhinoceros unicornis L. (犀角, Xi Jiao), Moschus (麝香, She Xiang) | Rhizoma Coptidis (黄连, Huang Lian), Radix Scutellariae (黄芩, Huang Qin), Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (栀子, Zhi Zi) | Borneolum Syntheticum (冰片, Bing Pian), Radix Curcumae (郁金, Yu Jin), Realgar (雄黄, Xiong Huang), Cinnabaris (朱砂, Zhu Sha), Margarita (珍珠, Zhen Zhu), (金箔, Jin Bo) | Honey (蜜, Mi) | 13 | 8 |
| 12 | Zixue Dan | Rhinoceros unicornis L. (犀角, Xi Jiao), Cornu Saigae Tataricae (羚羊角, Ling Yang Jiao), Moschus (麝香, She Xiang) | Gypsum Fibrosum (石膏, Shi Gao), Calcitum (寒水石, Han Shui Shi), Talcum (滑石, Hua Shi) | Radix Scrophulariae (玄参, Xuan Shen), Rhizoma Cimicifugae (升麻, Sheng Ma), Radix Aucklandiae9 (木香, Mu Xiang), Flos Caryophylli (丁香, Ding Xiang), Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum (沉香, Chen Xiang), P. sibiricum. Delar. ex Redout6 (黄精,Huang Jing), Cinnabaris (朱砂, Zhu Sha), Magnetitum (磁石, Ci Shi), mirabilite (朴硝, Po Xiao), saltpetre (硝石, Xiao Shi) | Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao) | 13 | 6 |
| 13 | Shengjiang Powder | Bombyx Batryticatus (僵蚕, Jiang Can), Periostracum Cicadae (蝉蜕, Chan Tui) | Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (大黄, Da Huang), Rhizoma Curcumae Longae (姜黄, Jiang Huang) | 4 | 6 | ||
| 14 | Sanren Decoction | Talcum (滑石, Hua Shi) | Semen Coicis (薏苡仁, Yi Yi Ren), Semen Armeniacae Amarum (杏仁, Xing Ren), Fructus Amomi Rotundus (豆蔻, Jave Amonum Fruit) | Medulla Tetrapanacis (通草, Tong Cao), Lophatherum gracile (淡竹叶, Dan Zhu Ye), Rhizoma Pinelliae (半夏, Ban Xia), Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis (厚朴, Hou Po) | 8 | 5 | |
| 15 | Xiaochaihu Decoction | Radix Bupleuri (柴胡, Chai Hu) | Radix Scutellariae (黄芩, Huang Qin) | Rhizoma Pinelliae (半夏, Ban Xia), Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens (生姜, Sheng Jiang), Radix Ginseng (人参, Ren Shen), Fructus Jujubae (大枣, Da Zao) | Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao) | 7 | 4 |
| 16 | Erchen Decoction | Rhizoma Pinelliae (半夏, Ban Xia) | Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (陈皮, Chen Pi) | Poria (茯苓, Fu Ling), Prunus mume (乌梅, Wu Mei) | Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao), Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens (生姜, Sheng Jiang) | 6 | 4 |
| 17 | Sangbei powder | Cortex Mori (桑白皮, Sang Bai Pi) | Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii (浙贝母, Zhe Bei Mu) | 2 | 3 | ||
| 18 | Zhuye Shigao Decoction | Gypsum Fibrosum (石膏, Shi Gao) | Radix Ginseng (人参, Ren Shen), Radix Ophiopogonis (麦冬, Mai Dong) | Lophatherum gracile (淡竹叶, Dan Zhu Ye), japonica Rice (粳米, Jing Mi), Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao) | 7 | 3 | |
| 19 | Shashen Maidong Decoction | Adenophora stricta Miq. (沙参, Sha Shen) | Radix Ophiopogonis (麦冬, Mai Dong) | Folium Mori (桑叶, Sang Ye), Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati (玉竹,Yu Zhu), Semen Dolichoris Album (白扁豆, Bai Bian Dou), Radix Trichosanthis (天花粉, Tian Hua Fen) | Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao) | 7 | 3 |
| 20 | Chaihu Dayuan Decoction | Radix Bupleuri (柴胡, Chai Hu), Radix Scutellariae (黄芩, Huang Qin) | Fructus Aurantii (枳壳, Zhi Qiao), Radix Platycodonis (桔梗, Jie Geng), Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis (厚朴, Hou Po), Fructus Tsaoko (草果, Cao Guo), Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride (青皮, Qing Pi), Semen Arecae (槟榔, Bin Lang) | lotus petiole (荷梗, He Geng) | Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao) | 10 | 3 |
| 21 | Shenling Baizhu Powder | Radix Ginseng (人参, Ren Shen), Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (白术, Bai Zhu), Poria (茯苓, Fu Ling) | Rhizoma Dioscoreae (山药, Shan Yao), Semen Nelumbinis (莲子, Lian Zi), Semen Dolichoris Album (白扁豆, Bai Bian Dou), Semen Coicis (薏苡仁, Yi Yi Ren) | Fructus Amomi Villosi (砂仁, Sha Ren), Radix Platycodonis (桔梗, Jie Geng) | Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao), Fructus Jujubae (大枣, Da Zao) | 11 | 3 |
| 22 | Qingwenbaidu Decoction | Gypsum Fibrosum (石膏, Shi Gao), Rhizoma Anemarrhenae (知母, Zhi Mu), Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao), Rhizoma Coptidis (黄连, Huang Lian), Radix Scutellariae (黄芩, Huang Qin), Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (栀子, Zhi Zi), Rhinoceros unicornis L. (犀角, Xi Jiao), Radix Rehmanniae Recens (生地, Sheng Di), Radix Paeoniae Rubra (赤芍, Chi Shao), Moutan DouCortex (丹皮, Dan Pi) | Fructus Forsythiae (连翘, Lian Qiao), Lophatherum gracile (淡竹叶, Dan Zhu Ye) | Radix Scrophulariae (玄参, Xuan Shen), Radix Platycodonis (桔梗, Jie Geng) | 14 | 2 | |
| 23 | Ganlu Xiaodu micropills | Talcum (滑石, Hua Shi), Herba Artemisiae Scopariae (茵陈, Yin Chen), Radix Scutellariae (黄芩, Huang Qin) | Fructus Amomi Rotundus (豆蔻, Dou Kou), Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii (石菖蒲, Shi Chang Pu), Herba Agastaches (藿香, Huo Xiang) | Fructus Forsythiae (连翘, Lian Qiao), Herba Menthae Heplocalycis (薄荷, Bo He), Rhizoma Belamcandae (射干, She Gan), Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii (浙贝母, Zhe Bei Mu), Akebia quinata (Houtt.) Decne. (木通, Mu Tong) | 11 | 2 | |
| 24 | Sangju Decoction | Folium Mori (桑叶, Sang Ye), Flos Chrysanthemi (菊花, Ju Hua) | Herba Menthae Heplocalycis (薄荷, Bo He), Semen Armeniacae Amarum (杏仁, Xing Ren), Radix Platycodonis (桔梗, Jie Geng) | Fructus Forsythiae (连翘, Lian Qiao), Rhizoma Phragmitis (芦根, Lu Gen) | Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao) | 8 | 2 |
| 25 | Xiebai Powder | Cortex Mori (桑白皮, Sang Bai Pi) | Cortex Lycii (地骨皮, Di Gu Pi) | Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao), japonica Rice (粳米, Jing Mi) | 4 | 2 | |
| 26 | Buzhongyiqi Decoction | Radix Astragali seu Hedysari (黄芪, Huang Qi) | Radix Ginseng (人参, Ren Shen), Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao) | Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (白术, Bai Zhu), Radix Angelicae Sinensis (当归, Dang Gui), Rhizoma Cimicifugae (升麻, Sheng Ma), Radix Bupleuri (柴胡, Chai Hu) | 8 | 2 | |
| 27 | Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction | Radix Astragali seu Hedysari (黄芪, Huang Qi) | Ramulus Cinnamomi (桂枝, Gui Zhi), Radix Paeoniae Alba (白芍, Bai Shao) | Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens (生姜, Sheng Jiang), Fructus Jujubae (大枣, Da Zao) | 5 | 2 | |
| 28 | Sanao Decoction | Herba Ephedrae (麻黄, Ma Huang) | Semen Armeniacae Amarum (杏仁, Xing Ren), Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao) | 3 | 2 | ||
| 29 | Suhexiang Pills | Styrax (苏合香, Su He Xiang), Benzoinum (安息香, An Xi Xiang), Moschus (麝香, She Xiang), Dryobalanops aromatica Gaertn. f. (龙脑, Long Nao) | Flos Caryophylli (丁香, Ding Xiang), Fructus Piperis Longi (荜茇, Bi Ba), Rhizoma Cyperi (香附, Xiang Fu), Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum (沉香, Chen Xiang), Radix Aucklandiae9 (木香, Mu Xiang), Lignum Santali Albi (檀香, Tan Xiang) | Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (白术, Bai Zhu), Olibanum (乳香, Ru Xiang), Fructus Chebulae (诃子肉, He Zi Rou), Cornu Bubali (水牛角, Shui Niu Jiao), Cinnabaris (朱砂, Zhu Sha) | 15 | 2 | |
| 30 | Mahuang Decoction | Herba Ephedrae (麻黄, Ma Huang) | Ramulus Cinnamomi (桂枝, Gui Zhi) | Semen Armeniacae Amarum (杏仁, Xing Ren) | Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao) | 4 | 2 |
| 31 | Baihu Decoction | Gypsum Fibrosum (石膏, Shi Gao) | Rhizoma Anemarrhenae (知母, Zhi Mu) | japonica Rice (粳米, Jing Mi), Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao) | 4 | 1 | |
| 32 | Xiaoxianxiong Decoction | Fructus Trichosanthis (瓜蒌, Gua Lou) | Rhizoma Coptidis (黄连, Huang Lian) | Rhizoma Pinelliae (半夏, Ban Xia) | 3 | 1 | |
| 33 | Jingfangbaidu powder | Herba Schizonepetae (荆芥, Jing Jie), Radix Saposhnikoviae (防风, Fang Feng) | Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii (羌活, Qiang Huo), Radix angelicae seu Hemsley (独活, Du Huo), Radix Bupleuri (柴胡, Chai Hu), Poria (茯苓, Fu Ling) | Radix Peucedani (前胡, Qian Hu), Fructus Aurantii (枳壳, Zhi Qiao), Radix Platycodonis (桔梗, Jie Geng), Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong (川芎, Chuan Xiong), Radix Ginseng (人参, Ren Shen) | Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao) | 12 | 1 |
| 34 | Caoguo Zhimu Decoction | Fructus Tsaoko (草果, Cao Guo), Rhizoma Anemarrhenae (知母, Zhi Mu) | Rhizoma Pinelliae (半夏, Ban Xia), Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis (厚朴, Hou Po) | Radix Scutellariae (黄芩, Huang Qin), Prunus mume (乌梅, Wu Mei) | 6 | 1 | |
| 35 | Xijiao Dihuang Decoction | Rhinoceros unicornis L. (犀角, Xi Jiao) | Radix Rehmanniae Recens (生地, Shen Di) | Radix Paeoniae Alba (白芍, Bai Shao), Moutan Cortex (丹皮, Dan Pi) | 4 | 1 | |
| 36 | Zhisou Powder | Radix Asteris (紫菀, Zi Wan), Radix Stemonae (百部, Bai Bu) | Radix Platycodonis (桔梗, Jie Geng), Rhizoma Cynanchi Stauntonii (白前, Bai Qian) | Herba Schizonepetae (荆芥, Jing Jie), Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (陈皮, Chen Pi) | Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao) | 7 | 1 |
| 37 | Wuling Powder | Rhizoma Alismatis (泽泻, Ze Xie) | Poria (茯苓, Fu Ling), Polyporus Umbellatus (猪苓, Zhu Ling) | Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (白术, Bai Zhu), Ramulus Cinnamomi (桂枝, Gui Zhi) | 5 | 1 | |
| 38 | Shegan Mahuang Decoction | Rhizoma Belamcandae (射干, She Gan) | Herba Ephedrae (麻黄, Ma Huang) | Asarum sieboldii Miq. (细辛, Xi Xin), Radix Asteris (紫菀, Zi Wan), Flos Farfarae (冬花, Dong Hua), Rhizoma Pinelliae (半夏, Ban Xia), Radix Asteris (紫菀, Zi Wan), Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis (五味子, Wu Wei Zi) | Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens (生姜, Sheng Jiang), Fructus Jujubae (大枣, Da Zao) | 10 | 1 |
| 39 | Qingqihuatan Decoction | Rhizoma Arisaematis Cum Bile (胆南星, Dan Nan Xing) | Fructus Trichosanthis (瓜蒌, Gua Lou), Radix Scutellariae (黄芩, Huang Qin), Rhizoma Pinelliae (半夏, Ban Xia) | Semen Armeniacae Amarum (杏仁, Xing Ren), Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (陈皮, Chen Pi), Fructus Aurantii Immaturus (枳实, Zhi Shi), Poria (茯苓, Fu Ling) | 8 | 1 | |
| 40 | Qingying Decoction | Rhinoceros unicornis L. (犀角, Xi Jiao) | Radix Rehmanniae Recens (生地, Shen Di), Radix Ophiopogonis (麦冬, Mai Dong), Radix Scrophulariae (玄参, Xuan Shen) | Flos Lonicerae (金银花, Jin Yin Hua), Fructus Forsythiae (连翘, Lian Qiao), Lophatherum gracile (淡竹叶, Dan Zhu Ye), Rhizoma Coptidis (黄连, Huang Lian), Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (丹参, Dan Shen) | 9 | 1 | |
| 41 | Wangshiqingshuyiqi Decoction | Exocarium Citrulli (西瓜翠衣, Xi Gua Cui Yi), Radix Panacis Quinquefolii (西洋参, Xi Yang Shen) | lotus petiole (荷梗, He Geng), Herba Dendrobii (石斛, Shi Hu), Radix Ophiopogonis (麦冬, Mai Dong) | Rhizoma Coptidis (黄连, Huang Lian), Rhizoma Anemarrhenae (知母, Zhi Mu), Lophatherum gracile (淡竹叶, Dan Zhu Ye), japonica Rice (粳米, Jing Mi), Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao) | 10 | 1 | |
| 42 | Sanshi Decoction | Talcum (滑石, Hua Shi) | Gypsum Fibrosum (石膏, Shi Gao), Calcitum (寒水石, Han Shui Shi), Flos Lonicerae (金银花, Jin Yin Hua) | Semen Armeniacae Amarum (杏仁, Xing Ren), Caulis Bambusae in Taenia (竹茹, Zhu Ru) | Medulla Tetrapanacis (通草, Tong Cao), Poop (金汁, Jin Zhi) | 8 | 1 |
| 43 | Huangqi Liujunzi Decoction | Radix Astragali seu Hedysari (黄芪, Huang Qi), Radix Ginseng (人参, Ren Shen) | Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (白术, Bai Zhu), Poria (茯苓, Fu Ling), Rhizoma Dioscoreae (山药, Shan Yao) | Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (陈皮, Chen Pi), Rhizoma Pinelliae (半夏, Ban Xia) | Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao) | 8 | 1 |
| 44 | Shenfulongmu Decoction | Radix Ginseng (人参, Ren Shen), Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata (附子, Fu Zi) | Bone fossil of big mammals (煅龙骨, Duan Long Gu), Oyster (煅牡蛎, Duan Mu Li) | Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens (生姜, Sheng Jiang), Fructus Jujubae (大枣, Da Zao) | 6 | 1 | |
| 45 | Fangfeng Tongsheng Powder | Herba Ephedrae (麻黄, Ma Huang), Radix Saposhnikoviae (防风, Fang Feng), Herba Schizonepetae (荆芥, Jing Jie), Herba Menthae Heplocalycis (薄荷, Bo He), Radix Scutellariae (黄芩, Huang Qin), Gypsum Fibrosum (石膏, Shi Gao), Fructus Forsythiae (连翘, Lian Qiao), Radix Platycodonis (桔梗, Jie Geng), Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (栀子, Zhi Zi), Talcum (滑石, Hua Shi), Natrii Sulfas (芒硝, Mang Xiao), Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (大黄, Da Huang) | Radix Angelicae Sinensis (当归, Dang Gui), Radix Paeoniae Alba (白芍, Bai Shao), Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong (川芎, Chuan Xiong) | Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (白术, Bai Zhu), Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao) | Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens (生姜, Sheng Jiang) | 18 | 1 |
| 46 | Sijunzi Decoction | Radix Ginseng (人参, Ren Shen) | Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (白术, Bai Zhu) | Poria (茯苓, Fu Ling) | Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao) | 4 | 1 |
| 47 | Shexiang Niuhuang Pills | Calculus Bovis (牛黄, Niu Huang), Moschus (麝香, She Xiang), Realgar (雄黄, Xiong Huang) | Rhizoma Coptidis (黄连, Huang Lian), Radix Scutellariae (黄芩, Huang Qin), Fructus Forsythiae (连翘, Lian Qiao), Cortex Phellodendri (黄柏, Huang Bo), Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (栀子, Zhi Zi), Flos Lonicerae (金银花, Jin Yin Hua), Radix Angelicae Sinensis (当归, Dang Gui), Gypsum Fibrosum (石膏, Shi Gao) | Radix Paeoniae Rubra (赤芍, Chi Shao), Radix Saposhnikoviae (防风, Fang Feng), Radix Ophiopogonis (麦冬, Mai Dong), Radix Platycodonis (桔梗, Jie Geng), Cinnabaris (朱砂, Zhu Sha), Borneolum Syntheticum (冰片, Bing Pian), Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (大黄, Da Huang), Ramulus Uncariae Cum Uncis (钩藤, Gou Teng) | Herba Menthae Heplocalycis (薄荷, Bo He), Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao) | 21 | 1 |
| 48 | Gegen Decoction | Radix Puerariae (葛根, Ge Gen), Herba Ephedrae (麻黄, Ma Huang) | Ramulus Cinnamomi (桂枝, Gui Zhi), Radix Paeoniae Alba (白芍, Bai Shao) | Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens (生姜, Sheng Jiang), Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草, Gan Cao), Fructus Jujubae (大枣, Da Zao) | 7 | 1 | |
| 49 | Situ Decoction | Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae (土茯苓, Tu Fu Ling), Radix et Rhizome Achyranthes (土牛膝, Tu Niu Xi) | Rhizoma Bolbostemmatis (土贝母, Tu Bei Mu), Rumex madaio MakinoR. daiwoo Makino (土大黄, Tu Da Huang) | 4 | 1 |
In total, 49 basic recipes were extracted from the database with 185 clinically applied TCM remedies combating COVID-19. “monarch stratum principle” (“Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi”) is one of the classical principles used to compose herbs, arranging the dosage and weights, which were similarly administered within the country. The table presents the complete details of the 49 remedies, including herb details at the four sites, herb amounts of each and the frequency of related derivatives. In addition, the corresponding relationship between basic recipes and their clinical derivatives are presented in Table S3 in detail. Notes: The basic recipes are shown in Chinese Pin Yin, e.g., Maxingshigan Decoction, while each herb is presented as its Latin name (Chinese name, Chinese Pin Yin), e.g., Herba Ephedrae (麻黄, Ma Huang), etc. except a few use an English name without a Latin name, such as Poop (金汁, Jin Zhi), related to gut bacteria.