Table 4.
Adult invasive cardiac output monitoring findings.
| Trial | Invasive Monitoring | Preload: CVP | Cardiac Index (L/min/m2) | SVR (dyne/s/cm–5m2) | PAOP mmHg | Cardiac Biomarkers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Charoenpan (1990) [14] | PAC | – | 4.66 | 832 reported as low as (normal values 900–1100 in paper) low PVR | – | – |
| Beards (1994) [15] | PAC | 12 (prior to exchange) | 4.42 | 586 | – | – |
| Bruneel (1997) [16] | PAC–7 patients only | – | – | Peripheral vasodilatation with elevated cardiac output | – | – |
| Lagudis (2000) [17] | PAC – hyperdynamic pattern and normal LV stroke work index | Normal echo | 1st patient 6 2nd patient 4.3 |
SVRI 1st patient 1049 2nd patient 1078 |
1st patient 17 2nd patient 15 |
– |
| Saissy (2000) [18] | PAC | 3.9 control group 6.1 hyperkinetic group |
1098 control group 536 hyperkinetic group |
6 control group 9 hyperkinetic group |
– | |
| Hanson (2011) [22] | CVP and PiCCO | 5.2 (median) | 3.08 (median) | SVRI 2155 (median) | – | – |
| Herr (2011) [23] | Non-invasive method based on the re-breathing technique | - | 2.9 9SM cases (healthy controls 3.4) (median) | SVRI 29.2 l/min (median) | – | Pro-BNP 139.3 pg/ml Myoglobin 43.6 μg/l Trop T and CK-MB similar to controls H-FABP 1.9ng/ml (1.7 in uncomplicated) |
| Nguyen (2011) [26] | PAC | 2 fluid load, 4.5 no fluid load | 4 (with and without fluid load) | 1633/without fluid 1589 | 6 fluid load/10 no fluid loading | – |
| Hanson (2013) [29] | PiCCO | 4.5 (median) | 3.08 (median) | 2155 (median) | – | – |
| Kingston (2019) [36] | ECHO and Expired gas collection | – | 4.1 (median) | – | – | – |
Data presented as means unless otherwise indicated.
SFM = Severe falciparum malaria, Echo = Echocardiogram, PAC = Pulmonary Arterial Catheter, CVP = Central Venous Pressure, PAOP = Pulmonary Artery Occlusion Pressure, PiCCO = Pulse Contour Cardiac Output, SMA = Severe Malaria Anemia, SVR = Systemic Vascular Resistance, SVRI = Systemic Vascular Resistance Index, DO2 = Oxygen delivery, VO2= Oxygen consumption. NT-proBNP = N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; CK-MB = creatine kinase-muscle brain; TnT = troponin T; H-FABP = heart-type fatty acid-binding.