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. 2020 Oct 23;10:591843. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2020.591843

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Copyright © 2020 Xavier, Müller and Fukumasu

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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miRNA pathway: From biogenesis to mRNA inhibition. After pri-miRNA generation by transcription, the microprocessor complex Drosha processes and cleaves the pri-miRNA to produce the precursor-miRNA (pre-miRNA). Then, the pre-miRNA is transported from the nucleus to cytoplasm by Exportin 5. In the cytoplasm, pre-miRNA is processed by Dicer to produce the mature miRNA. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a protein complex termed RISC. Finally, this complex induces gene inhibition in two different ways. 1) The mRNA can be degraded if there is total complementation between the miRNA and the mRNA. 2) In the case of partial complementation, there is a translational repression.