Table 1.
Family Members of MMPs, Their Tissue Distribution, and Main Substrates3
| Family | MMP | Tissue Distribution | Main Substrates |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Collagenases | MMP-1 (or Collagenase-1) | Endothelium, intima, VSMCs, fibroblasts, vascular adventitia, platelets, varicose veins (interstitial/fibroblast collagenase) | Collagen I, II, III, VII, VIII, X, gelatin, aggrecan, serpins |
| MMP-8 (or Collagenase-2) | Macrophages, neutrophils, vascular wall | Collagen I, II, III, V, VII, VIII, X, gelatin, fibronectin, aggrecan, elastin | |
| MMP-13 (or Collagenase-3) | VSMCs, macrophages, varicose veins, preeclampsia, breast cancer | Collagen I, II, III, IV, gelatin, aggrecan, fibronectin, laminin | |
| Mmp-18 (or Collagenase-4) | Xenopus (amphibian, Xenopus collagenase) heart, lung, colon | Collagen I, II, III, gelatin | |
| 2. Gelatinases | MMP-2 (or Gelatinase-A, Type IV Collagenase) | Endothelium, VSMCs, adventitia, platelets, leukocytes, aortic aneurysm, varicose veins | Collagen I, II, III, V, VII, X, XI, gelatin, aggrecan, fibronectin, laminin |
| MMP-9 (or Gelatinase-B, Type IV Collagenase) | Endothelium, VSMCs, adventitia, microvessels, macrophages, aortic aneurysm, varicose veins | Collagen IV, V, VII, X, XIV, gelatin, aggrecan, fibronectin, laminin | |
| 3. Stromelysins | MMP-3 (Stromelysin-1) | Endothelium, intima, VSMCs, platelets, coronary artery disease, hypertension, varicose veins, synovial fibroblasts, tumor invasion | Collagen II, III, IV, IX, X, XI, gelatin, aggrecan, fibronectin, laminin, elastin |
| MMP-10 (Stromelysin-2) | Atherosclerosis, uterus, preeclampsia, arthritis, carcinoma cells | Collagen III, IV, V, gelatin, aggrecan, fibronectin, laminin | |
| MMP-11 (Stromelysin-3) | Brain, uterus, angiogenesis | Aggrecan, fibronectin, laminin | |
| 4. Matrilysins | MMP-7 (Matrilysin-1) | Endothelium, intima, VSMCs, uterus, varicose veins | Collagen IV, X, aggrecan, fibronectin, laminin, elastin |
| MMP-26 (Matrilysin-2, Endometase) | Breast cancer, endometrial tumors | Collagen IV, gelatin, | |
| 5. Membrane Type | MMP-14 (MT1-MMP) | VSMCs, fibroblasts, platelets, brain, uterus, angiogenesis | Collagen I, II, III, aggrecan, elastin, fibrin, fibronectin, laminin |
| MMP-15 (MT2-MMP) | Fibroblasts, leukocytes, preeclampsia | Collagen I, gelatin, aggrecan, fibronectin, laminin | |
| MMP-16 (MT3-MMP) | Leukocytes, angiogenesis | Collagen I, aggrecan, fibronectin, laminin | |
| MMP-17 (MT4-MMP) | Brain, breast cancer | Gelatin | |
| MMP-24 (MT5-MMP) | Leukocytes, lung, pancreas, kidney, brain, astrocytoma, glioblastoma | Gelatin | |
| MMP-25 (MT6-MMP) | Leukocytes (Leukolysin), anaplastic astrocytomas, glioblastomas | Collagen IV, gelatin | |
| 6. Other MMPs | MMP-12 (Metalloelastase) | VSMCs, fibroblasts, macrophages, great saphenous vein | Collagen IV, gelatin |
| MMP-19 (RASI-1) | Liver | Collagen I, IV, gelatin | |
| MMP-20 (Enamelysin) | Tooth enamel | Collagen V | |
| Mmp-21 (Xenopus-Mmp) | Fibroblasts, macrophages, placenta | ||
| Mmp-22 (Chicken-Mmp) | Chicken fibroblasts | Gelatin | |
| MMP-23 (CA-MMP) | Ovary, testis, prostate Other (type II) MT-MMP |
Gelatin | |
| MMP-27 (Human MMP-22 homolog) | Heart, leukocytes, macrophages, kidney, endometrium, menstruation, bone, osteoarthritis, breast cancer | ||
| MMP-28 (Epilysin) | Skin, keratinocytes |