Table 2.
Demographic and clinicopathological characteristics and the associations with DNAm age for 256 patients diagnosed with early stage hepatocellular carcinoma
| Characteristicsa | Total (%) | Epigenetic age |
Pb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DNAmAge-ACC (N = 100) |
DNAmAge-DEC (N = 156) |
|||
| Age (Years) | ||||
| Continuousc | 256 (100) | 58 (47–64) | 64.5 (55–72) | <0.001 |
| Category (Median) | ||||
| ≤61 | 130 (51) | 66 (66) | 64 (41) | <0.001 |
| >61 | 126 (49) | 34 (34) | 92 (59) | |
| BMI (WHO) | 0.42 | |||
| <18.5 | 13 (5) | 8 (8) | 5 (3) | |
| 18.5–25 | 107 (42) | 40 (40) | 67 (43) | |
| 25–30 | 65 (25) | 25 (25) | 40 (26) | |
| >30 | 50 (20) | 19 (19) | 31 (20) | |
| Gender | 0.01 | |||
| Female | 77 (30) | 21 (21) | 56 (36) | |
| Male | 179 (70) | 79 (79) | 100 (64) | |
| Race | 0.09 | |||
| White | 122 (48) | 42 (42) | 80 (51) | |
| Asian | 113 (44) | 45 (45) | 68 (44) | |
| Others | 12 (5) | 8 (8) | 4 (3) | |
| Ethnicity | 1.00 | |||
| Hispanic or Latino | 10 (4) | 4 (4) | 6 (4) | |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 234 (91) | 90 (90) | 144 (92) | |
| Stage | 0.13 | |||
| I | 171 (67) | 61 (61) | 110 (71) | |
| II | 85 (33) | 39 (39) | 46 (29) | |
| Grade | 0.51 | |||
| Well/Moderately differentiated | 158 (62) | 65 (65) | 93 (60) | |
| Poorly differentiated | 96 (38) | 35 (35) | 61 (39) | |
| Tumor status | 0.89 | |||
| With Tumor | 82 (32) | 33 (33) | 49 (31) | |
| Tumor Free | 160 (63) | 62 (62) | 98 (63) | |
| Risk factors | 0.12 | |||
| Alcohol | 30 (12) | 10 (10) | 20 (13) | |
| HBV | 69 (27) | 24 (24) | 45 (29) | |
| HCV | 41 (16) | 22 (22) | 19 (12) | |
| Other | 19 (7) | 6 (6) | 13 (8) | |
| NHPRFd | 48 (19) | 13 (13) | 35 (22) | |
aSum of frequency may not equal to the total sample size due to missing values
bFisher’s exact test for categorical data and Mann-Whitney test for continuous data
cContinuous values are represented with median (IQR)
dNo history of primary risk factors