Table 4.
Univariate and Multivariate Analysis of Prognostic Factors
| Features | N | mOS (Months) | Univariate | Multivariate | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) Pe value | HR (95% CI) Pe value | |||||
| Sex | 0.001 | |||||
| Male | 109 | 12.1 | 1 | |||
| Female | 169 | 7.9 | 1.46 (1.10–1.93) | |||
| Age | 0.051 | |||||
| ≤56 | 144 | 10.7 | 1 | |||
| >56 | 134 | 9.0 | 1.31 (1.00–1.71) | |||
| Smoke | 0.020 | |||||
| No | 172 | 11.1 | 1 | |||
| Yes | 106 | 9.1 | 1.28 (0.97–1.69) | |||
| Year of smoking | 0.004 | |||||
| No smoking | 172 | 11.1 | 1 | |||
| 1≤ & ≤10 | 13 | 7.9 | 2.64 (1.41–4.94) | |||
| >10 | 77 | 9.9 | 1.11 (0.82–1.51) | |||
| Unknown | 16 | 5.9 | 1.78 (1.02–3.10) | |||
| No. of cigarettes | 0.030 | |||||
| 0 | 172 | 11.1 | 1 | |||
| 1≤ &≤ 10 | 33 | 6.0 | 1.85 (1.22–2.80) | |||
| >10 | 63 | 9.4 | 1.12 (0.91–1.55) | |||
| Unknown | 10 | 9.2 | 1.14 (0.55–2.33) | |||
| Diabetes | 0.837 | |||||
| No | 221 | 9.9 | 1 | |||
| Yes | 57 | 9.2 | 0.90 (0.65–1.25) | |||
| Year of diabetes | 0.240 | |||||
| No | 228 | 9.9 | 1 | |||
| ≤1 | 14 | 8.6 | 1.29 (0.71–2.32) | |||
| 1< & ≤10 | 20 | 14.0 | 0.61 (0.35–1.05) | |||
| >10 | 16 | 6.0 | 1.03 (0.56–1.89) | |||
| Jaundice | 0.135 | |||||
| No | 221 | 10.6 | 1 | |||
| Yes | 57 | 7.5 | 1.11 (0.80–1.52) | |||
| Tumor location | 0.859 | |||||
| Head | 106 | 9.8 | 1 | |||
| Body/tail | 172 | 9.9 | 1.17 (0.89–1.55) | |||
| No. of metastasis | 0.162 | |||||
| 0 | 48 | 12.7 | 1 | |||
| 1 | 167 | 9.3 | 1.39 (0.95–2.03) | |||
| ≥2 | 63 | 10.9 | 1.32 (0.85–2.04) | |||
| Liver metastasis | 0.077 | |||||
| No | 64 | 12.2 | 1 | |||
| Yes | 214 | 9.4 | 1.36 (0.99–1.88) | |||
| Lung metastasis | 0.632 | |||||
| No | 229 | 9.8 | 1 | |||
| Yes | 49 | 10.9 | 0.91 (0.63–1.29) | |||
| Peritoneal metastasis | 0.646 | |||||
| No | 235 | 9.9 | 1 | |||
| Yes | 43 | 9.4 | 1.08 (0.76–1.55) | |||
| First-line chemotherapy | 0.123 | |||||
| Gem | 40 | 6.2 | 1 | |||
| Gem-based | 43 | 11.0 | 0.70 (0.44–1.22) | |||
| TG | 27 | 11.8 | 0.65 (0.39–1.10) | |||
| TS | 159 | 9.9 | 0.63 (0.44–0.91) | |||
| Others | 9 | 5.9 | 1.44 (0.97–1.03) | |||
| TB | 0.273 | |||||
| ≤ULN | 239 | 10.3 | 1 | |||
| >ULN | 39 | 6.2 | 1.35 (0.92–1.96) | |||
| Baseline glucose | 0.969 | |||||
| ≤ULN | 168 | 9.8 | 1 | |||
| >ULN | 110 | 9.9 | 0.95 (0.73–1.26) | |||
| Baseline WBC | 0.022 | |||||
| ≤ULN | 248 | 10.4 | 1 | |||
| >ULN | 30 | 6.7 | 1.51 (1.00–2.27) | |||
| Baseline PLT | 0.233 | |||||
| ≤ULN | 238 | 9.8 | 1 | |||
| >ULN | 40 | 12.1 | 0.82 (0.55–1.22) | |||
| Baseline neutrophil | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| ≤ULN | 187 | 11.2 | 1 | 1.76 (1.32–2.36) | ||
| >ULN | 91 | 7.0 | 2.02 (1.52–2.67) | |||
| Baseline ALB | 0.075 | |||||
| ≤LLN | 30 | 5.8 | 1 | |||
| >LLN | 248 | 10.3 | 0.67 (0.45–1.02) | |||
| Baseline LDH | 0.004 | 0.023 | ||||
| ≤ULN | 246 | 10.4 | 1 | 1 | ||
| >ULN | 32 | 6.5 | 1.87 (1.26–2.78) | 1.64 (1.07–2.52) | ||
| Baseline CA199 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| ≤ Median | 139 | 12.2 | 1 | 1 | ||
| >Median | 139 | 7.5 | 1.78 (1.35–2.33) | 1.99 (1.41–2.82) | ||
| Baseline CEA | 0.003 | |||||
| ≤ Median | 136 | 12.1 | 1 | |||
| >Median | 142 | 7.9 | 1.50 (1.14–1.96) | |||
| Baseline CA125 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| ≤ Median | 136 | 12.7 | 1 | 1 | ||
| >Median | 142 | 7.4 | 2.13 (1.61–2.81) | 2.08 (1.43–3.01) | ||
| Combined markers | 0.009 | 0.016 | ||||
| Negative | 70 | 13.4 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Positive | 137 | 8.4 | 1.85 (1.49–2.28) | 1.83 (1.12–3.02) | ||
Note: eP values shown in bold indicate P < 0.05.
Abbreviations: mOS, median overall survival; HR, hazard ratio; Gem, gemcitabine; Gem-based, gemcitabine plus S1; TG, nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine; TS, nab-paclitaxel plus S1; Others, oxaliplatin plus S1; platinum monotherapy; gemcitabine plus platinum; gemcitabine plus capecitabine; ULN, upper limit of normal; LLN, lower limit of normal.