Table 3.
Univariate analysis of characteristics and RR of TD
| Characteristic | TD | No TD | Univariate RR (95% CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Malaria prophylaxis, n (%) | ||||
| Doxycycline | 62 (10) | 582 (90) | 0.5 (0.38–0.64) | < 0.01 |
| Other or none | 500 (19) | 2,083 (81) | Ref | – |
| Gender, n (%) | ||||
| Male | 281 (14) | 1,723 (86) | Ref | – |
| Female | 269 (22) | 954 (78) | 1.56 (1.34–1.81) | < 0.01 |
| Age (years) | 44 (30,62) | 38 (26,58) | – | < 0.01 |
| Median duration of travel (days) | 19 (13,34) | 9 (12,43) | – | 0.61 |
| Destinations, n (%) | ||||
| Africa | 180 (17) | 853 (83) | 1.00 (0.85–1.18) | 0.99 |
| Southeast Asia/Pacific Island | 207 (17) | 1,048 (83) | 0.92 (0.78–1.07) | 0.27 |
| Tropical South America | 81 (26) | 233 (74) | 1.48 (1.21–1.82) | < 0.01 |
| Mexico/Caribbean/Central America | 132 (19) | 572 (81) | 1.06 (0.88–1.28) | 0.49 |
| Multiple regions | 131 (13) | 882 (87) | 0.66 (0.55–0.80) | < 0.01 |
| Purpose of travel, n (%) | ||||
| Military | 168 (11) | 1,300 (89) | 0.51 (0.43–0.60) | < 0.10 |
| Vacation | 279 (22) | 1,003 (78) | 1.50 (1.28–1.74) | < 0.01 |
| Missionary | 117 (27) | 310 (73) | 1.72 (1.44–2.06) | < 0.01 |
| Medical | 47 (32) | 101 (68) | 1.9 (1.48–2.43) | < 0.01 |
| Travel accommodations, n (%) | ||||
| Hotel | 469 (20) | 1,826 (80) | 1.43 (1.22–1.68) | < 0.01 |
| Dormitory | 88 (10) | 791 (90) | 0.50 (0.40–0.61) | < 0.01 |
| Military | 54 (27) | 144 (73) | 1.62 (1.28–2.06) | < 0.01 |
| Private | 128 (22) | 458 (78) | 1.32 (1.12–1.58) | < 0.01 |
| Type of location, n (%) | ||||
| Rural | 291 (17) | 1,461 (83) | 0.92 (0.78–1.05) | 0.18 |
| Safari | 60 (24) | 191 (76) | 1.42 (1.12–1.79) | < 0.01 |
TD = travelers’ diarrhea.