Table 3.
Neuroimaging
| Characteristic MRI findings | |
|---|---|
| MSA | ‘Hot-cross bun’ sign (pontine T2 hyperintensity) Putaminal rim sign (T2 hyperintense rim of dorsolateral putaminal border) Atrophy of pons, cerebellum, middle cerebellar peduncle |
| PSP | ‘Hummingbird sign’ (more severe midbrain than pontine atrophy) ‘Morning glory sign’ (atrophy of midbrain tegmentum) Atrophy of midbrain, tegmentum, superior cerebellar peduncles |
| CBS | Asymmetric atrophy in parietal and (pre)frontal cortices |
| bvFTD | Frontal and anterior temporal atrophy (more pronounced in non-dominant hemisphere) |
| svPPA | Anterior temporal atrophy (dominant hemisphere) |
| navPPA | Atrophy of the inferior frontal cortex (dominant hemisphere) |
| lvPPA | Posterior temporal and parietal atrophy (dominant hemisphere) |