Table 7.
Comparison of demographic, echocardiographic characteristics, and complications in patients without and with cirrhotic cardiomyopathy at 1 year of follow-up after excluding those with coronary artery disease
| Variables | Without cardiomyopathy (n = 28) | With cardiomyopathy (n = 48) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 69.18 ± 12.10 | 69.40 ± 15.69 | 0.747 |
| Male | 20 (71.4) | 35 (72.9) | 0.889 |
| Mean arterial pressure, mmHg | 89.29 ± 14.03 | 86.85 ± 12.32 | 0.620 |
| Laboratory | |||
| Platelet, 1000/µL | 121.64 ± 80.47 | 140.44 ± 178.72 | 0.678 |
| Sodium, mEq/L | 132.82 ± 26.44 | 138.65 ± 4.517 | 0.361 |
| Cr, mg/dL | 1.13 ± 0.41 | 1.82 ± 1.60 | 0.134 |
| TB, mg/dL | 2.12 ± 5.03 | 1.80 ± 3.32 | 0.827 |
| Albumin, g/dL | 3.40 ± 0.67 | 3.18 ± 0.55 | 0.223 |
| INR | 1.21 ± 0.27 | 1.18 ± 0.19 | 0.575 |
| Presence of ascites | 4 (14.3) | 11 (22.9) | 0.362 |
| ALBI score | -2.10 ± 0.62 | -1.92 ± 0.55 | 0.283 |
| Child-Pugh score | 6.14 ± 1.24 | 6.63 ± 1.58 | 0.209 |
| MELD score | 11.71 ± 5.72 | 14.81 ± 6.4 | 0.028 |
| QTc, ms | 472.43 ± 59.63 | 461.45 ± 41.26 | 0.710 |
| Echocardiographic data | |||
| ESV, mL | 22.40 ± 7.84 | 31.90 ± 18.12 | 0.029 |
| EDV, mL | 56.25 ± 22.72 | 68.59 ± 26.21 | 0.217 |
| LVEF, % | 63.75 ± 6.71 | 52.42 ± 12.58 | <0.001 |
| E, cm/s | 91.46 ± 26.01 | 80.84 ± 29.67 | 0.157 |
| A, cm/s | 66.91 ± 16.26 | 94.72 ± 24.88 | 0.004 |
| Septal e′, cm/s | 7.51 ± 2.27 | 5.711 ± 2.00 | 0.009 |
| Septal E/e′ ratio | 13.57 ± 7.37 | 18.06 ± 20.35 | 0.137 |
| E/A ratio | 1.47 ± 0.42 | 0.82 ± 0.36 | <0.001 |
| RVSP, mmHg | 36.20 ± 11.67 | 40.80 ± 17.16 | 0.709 |
| DT, ms | 204.35 ±20.85 | 244.19 ± 88.11 | 0.007 |
| ACEI/ARBs | 8 (28.6) | 17 (35.4) | 0.540 |
| NSBBs | 3 (10.7) | 7 (14.6) | 0.630 |
| Statin | 2 (7.1) | 4 (8.3) | 1.000 |
| Complications of cirrhosis | |||
| Hepatic encephalopathy | 1 (3.6) | 5 (10.4) | 0.404 |
| Variceal bleeding | 2 (7.1) | 1 (2.1) | 0.551 |
| SBP | 2 (7.1) | 2 (4.2) | 0.582 |
| Acute kidney injurya | 10 (37.0) | 19 (44.2) | 0.554 |
| One-year mortality | 2 (7.1) | 6 (12.5) | 0.463 |
The data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or number (%).
A = atrial (late) diastolic filling velocity; ACEI =angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; AKI = acute kidney injury; ALBI = albumin-bilirubin; ARBs = angiotensin II receptor antagonist; Cr = creatinine; DT = early wave deceleration time; E = peak early filling velocity; e′ = early diastolic mitral annular velocity; E/A = ratio of early and late diastolic velocity; E/e′ ratio = ratio of early diastolic velocity to peak early diastolic mitral annular velocity; EDV = end-diastolic volume; ESV = end-systolic volume; INR = international normalized ratio; LVEF = left ventricle ejection fraction; MELD = model for end-stage liver disease; NSBBs = nonselective β-adrenergic blocker; QTc = corrected QT interval; RVSP = right ventricular systolic pressure; SBP = spontaneous bacterial peritonitis; TB = total bilirubin.
a Exclude patients with end-stage renal disease who received hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.