Table 3.
Potential risk factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections in Ghindae area, Eritrea, 2018 (n = 450).
| Variables | Category | Total N (%) | Protozoan | Helminthes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | COR | N (%) | COR | |||
| Gender | Male | 215 (47.8) | 80 (37.2) | 1 | 22 (10.2) | 1 |
| Female | 235 (52.2) | 92 (39.1) | 1.09 (0.74, 1.59) | 25 (10.6) | 1.04 (0.570, 1.91) | |
| Age | 6–11 | 279 (62) | 108 (38.7) | 1 | 34 (12.2) | 1 |
| 12–16 | 171 (38) | 64 (37.4) | 0.95 (0.64, 1.40) | 13 (7.6) | 0.59 (0.30, 1.16) | |
| Ethnic group | Tigrigna | 156 (34.7) | 50 (32.1) | 1 | 22 (14.1) | 1 |
| Tigre | 179 (39.8) | 71 (39.7) | 1.39 (0.89, 2.19) | 14 (7.8) | 0.52 (0.26, 1.05) | |
| Saho | 110 (24.4) | 50 (45.5) | 1.77 (1.07, 2.93) | 10 (9.1) | 0.61 (0.28, 1.34) | |
| Other | 5 (1.1) | 1 (20) | 0.530 (0.058, 4.87) | 1 (20) | 1.52 (0.16, 14.26) | |
| Maternal age | 0–24 | 10 (2.3) | 4 (40) | 1 | 4 (40) | 1 |
| 25–40 | 343 (77.6) | 133 (38.8) | 0.95 (0.26, 3.43) | 30 (8.7) | 0.14 (0.04, 0.54) | |
| >40 | 89 (20.1) | 31 (34.8) | 0.80 (0.21, 3.06) | 10 (11.2) | 0.19 (0.05, 0.79) | |
| Occupation of mother | Housewife | 354 (80.1) | 138 (39) | 1 | 38 (10.7) | 1 |
| Merchant | 5 (1.1) | 1 (20) | 0.39 (0.043, 3.54) | 2 (40) | 5.54 (0.898, 34.2) | |
| Government worker | 38 (8.6) | 12 (31.6) | 0.72 (0.35, 1.48) | 2 (5.3) | 0.46 (0.11, 1.99) | |
| Farmer | 2 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 0.001 | 1 (50) | 8.31 (0.51, 135.6) | |
| Other | 43 (9.7) | 20 (46.5) | 1.36 (0.72, 2.57) | 3 (7) | 0.62 (0.18, 2.11) | |
| Hand hygiene | Clean | 286 (63.3) | 78 (47.6) | 1 | 24 (14) | 1 |
| Unclean | 164 (36.4) | 94 (32.9) | 1.85 (1.25, 2.75) | 23 (8.4) | 1.78 (0.97, 3.27) | |
| Knowing purpose of washing hands | Yes | 129 (28.7) | 152 (36.5) | 1 | 43 (10.3) | 1 |
| No | 34 (7.6) | 20 (58.8) | 2.48 (1.21, 5.05) | 4 (11.8) | 1.16 (0.39,3.44) | |
| Water source | River/spring | 86 (19.1) | 37 (43) | 3.11 (1.29, 7.52) | 8 (9.3) | 1 |
| Pipe | 323 (71.8) | 127 (39.3) | 2.67 (1.19, 5.97) | 29 (9) | 0.96 (0.42, 2.19) | |
| Water truck | 41 (9.1) | 8 (19.5) | 1 | 10 (24.4) | 3.15 (0.14, 8.71) | |
| History of bloody diarrhea | No | 321 (89.4) | 128 (39.9) | 1 | 27 (8.4) | 1 |
| Yes | 38 (10.6) | 14 (36.8) | 0.89 (0.44, 1.76) | 8 (21.1) | 2.91 (1.21, 6.96) | |
| Treatment in last month | No | 252 (70.8) | 92 (36.5) | 1 | 26 (10.3) | 1 |
| Yes | 104 (29.2) | 48 (46.2) | 1.49 (0.94, 2.37) | 10 (9.6) | 0.93 (0.43, 1.99) | |
| Type of latrine | Modern | 145 (37.4) | 52 (35.9) | 1 | 14 (9.7) | 1 |
| Traditional | 243 (62.6) | 99 (40.7) | 1.23 (0.80, 1.88) | 28 (11.5) | 1.21 (0.62, 2.40) | |
| Stool consistency | Formed | 183 (40.7) | 54 (29.5) | 1 | 18 (9.8) | 1 |
| Soft | 219 (48.7) | 94 (42.9) | 1.80 (1.19, 2.72) | 24 (11) | 1.13 (0.59, 2.15) | |
| Loose | 45 (10) | 23 (51.1) | 2.50 (1.28, 4.86) | 5 (11.1) | 1.12 (0.40, 3.27) | |
| Watery | 3 (0.7) | 1 (33.3) | 1.19 (0.11, 13.5) | 1 (30) | 1.13 (0.75, 1.72) | |