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. 2020 Aug 12;99(11):6031–6044. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.07.038

Table 1.

Antibiotic resistance of Salmonella isolates recovered from retail raw chickens in different months.

Antibiotic Concentration range (μg/mL) Total no. (%) % Resistance to individual antibiotics
2011
2012
April (n = 83) May (n = 94) June (n = 13) July (n = 76) August (n = 32) September (n = 47) October (n = 4) January (n = 3) February (n = 4) March (n = 50)
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 0/0–8/152 333 (82.0) 45.8d 93.6b 100a 94.7b 87.5b 70.2c 100a 100a 100a 100a
Nalidixic acid 0–64 292 (71.9) 34.9c 99a 100a 90.8b 43.8c 38.3c 100a 100a 98.0a
Tetracycline 0–32 241 (59.4) 57.8c 86.2b 38.5 82.9b 56.3c 36.2 100a 75.0b 4.0
Ampicillin 0–64 219 (53.9) 25.3 88.3b 30.8 76.3c 75.0c 36.2 100a 100a 75.0c 4.0
Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 0/0–64/32 212 (52.2) 25.3 86.2b 38.5 69.7c 71.9c 34.0 100a 100a 100a 4.0
Chloramphenicol 0–64 212 (52.2) 21.7 89.4b 15.4 68.4c 43.8 72.3c 100a 75.0c 2.0
Kanamycin 0–128 158 (38.9) 22.9 76.6a 23.1 32.9 65.6a 34.0 50.0b
Ceftiofur 0–128 154 (37.9) 20.5 69.1c 14.5 18.8 17.0 100a 33.3 25.0 82.0b
Streptomycin 0–64 136 (33.5) 18.1c,d 83b 15.4d 27.6c 21.9c,d 17.0c,d 25.0c,d 100a 2.0
Gentamicin 0–32 116 (28.6) 19.3c 41.5a,b 7.7 32.9b 53.1a 34.0b 25.0b,c 2.0
Ciprofloxacin 0–16 90 (22.2) 25.3b,c 47.9a 7.7 1.3 18.8c 31.9b 25.0b,c
Amikacin 0–128 80 (19.7) 15.7c 26.6b,c 13.2c 53.1a 29.8b 2.0
Ceftriaxone 0–128 73 (18.0) 19.3a,b 29.9a 15.8b 3.1 29.8a 4.0
Cefoxitin 0–64 70 (17.2) 1.2 18.1d 23.7c,d 43.8b 29.8c 100a 4.0

Values sharing the same superscript letter in each row are not significantly different (P > 0.05).