Table 7.

Comparative results of deep learning with traditional machine-learning models.

Model	Recall	Precision	F1-score	Accuracy
Logistic Regression	0.42	0.34	0.36	0.42
AdaBoosta	0.49	0.48	0.46	0.49
Gradient Boost	0.50	0.59	0.45	0.50
ANNb	0.29	0.08	0.13	0.29
kNNc	0.35	0.36	0.37	0.35
Proposed Bi-LSTMd model	0.93	0.94	0.94	0.93

^aAdaBoost: adaptive boosting.

^bANN: artificial neural network.

^cKNN: k-nearest neighbor.

^dBi-LSTM: bidirectional long-short term memory.