Table 1.
Clinical characteristics and lung ultrasound results in children with COVID-19 vs other respiratory infections.
| COVID-19 (n = 10) | Others (n = 10) | |
|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 9/10 | 4/10 |
| Median age in yearsa | 4.8 [2.4–10.6] | 5.7 [3.5–7.2] |
| Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 household contact | 3/10 | 4/10 |
| Underlying conditions | 2/10 | 1/10 |
| Hospitalization | 6/10 | 3/10 |
| Signs and symptoms | ||
| Temperature > 37.9 °C | 9/10 | 7/10 |
| Cough | 4/10 | 7/10 |
| Rhinorrhea | 1/10 | 5/10 |
| Odynophagia | 2/10 | 2/10 |
| Breathing difficulty | 4/10 | 4/10 |
| Vomiting | 4/10 | 1/10 |
| Diarrhea | 1/10 | – |
| Rash | 2/10 | 1/10 |
| Hypoxia | 3/10 | 2/10 |
| Chest X-ray | ||
| Normal | 1/10 | 0/10 |
| Perihilar infiltrates | 6/9 | – |
| Ground glass interstitial pattern | 2/9 | 5/10 |
| Lobar condensation | 1/9 | 5/10 |
| Pleural effusion | – | 1/10 |
| Bilateral involvement | 8/9 | 4/10 |
| Ultrasound findings | ||
| Normal | 3/10 | 1/10 |
| Pleural irregularities | 5/7 | 7/9 |
| More than 3 B lines per intercostal space | 5/7 | 7/9 |
| Consolidations > 1 cm | 3/7 | 3/9 |
| Bilateral involvement | 5/7 | 7/9 |
| Representative image |  |
 |
| Blood tests | ||
| Leucocytes/mm3a | 9350 [8000–1517] | 8474 [4775–11987] |
| Lymphocytes/mm3 minimuma | 1400 [720–2620] | 2190 [577–3792] |
| C reactive protein; mg/L maximuma | 70 [8–215] | 33 [1–44.5] |
| Outcome | ||
| Days of admissiona | 5 [3–10.5] | 4 |
| PICU admission | 3 | – |
Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range; PICU, pediatric intensive care unit.
a
Expressed as median and IQR.