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. 2020 Sep 12;99(11):5960–5971. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.08.075

Table 7.

Effects of the diets with different protein sources without and with Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6051a (BS) on the gut and excreta microflora population (log10 CFU/g) and digesta pH (mean values1) of broilers (day 42).

Items Protein source Probiotic inclusion2 Ileum
 Cecum
 Excreta
pH LAB Coliforms Clostridium spp. Enterococcus spp. Bacillus spp. E. coli pH LAB Coliforms Clostridium spp. Enterococcus spp. Bacillus spp. E. coli LAB Enterococcus spp. E. coli Staphylococcus spp.
1 SBM No 5.67 9.76 6.98 5.88 6.12 0.67 1.37 7.00 9.26 7.76 6.93 5.64 0.01 5.25 10.00 12.44 11.22 9.00
2 CWP No 5.00 9.14 7.12 5.51 6.01 2.07 3.67 6.96 9.10 7.24 6.82 6.10 0.67 3.37 10.05 12.45 11.27 8.94
3 SBM Yes 4.83 8.99 6.04 5.43 7.18 4.09 1.05 6.83 9.20 7.45 5.55 6.11 4.63 1.81 10.00 12.42 10.99 9.00
4 CWP Yes 5.33 9.07 5.09 5.49 6.39 2.72 0.02 6.80 8.93 7.20 5.75 5.70 3.65 2.06 10.06 12.44 11.22 8.88
SEM 0.14 0.15 0.20 0.20 0.14 0.42 0.46 0.09 0.12 0.11 0.13 0.19 0.26 0.39 0.11 0.03 0.20 0.12
Main effects3
Protein source (Ps)
 SBM 5.24 9.38 6.51 5.66 6.65 4.08 1.21 6.92 9.23 7.61 6.24 5.88 2.31 3.53 10.01 12.43 11.11 9.00
 CWP 5.17 9.11 6.09 5.50 6.20 2.40 1.84 6.88 9.02 7.21 6.29 5.90 2.16 2.06 10.05 12.45 11.24 8.91
Probiotic (BS)
 No 5.33 9.45 7.05a 5.70 6.07b 1.37b 2.53a 6.98a 9.18 7.50 6.88a 5.87 0.33b 4.31a 10.02 12.45a 11.24 8.97a
 Yes 5.08 9.04 5.56b 5.46 6.79a 3.40a 0.53b 6.82b 9.07 7.33 5.64b 5.91 4.14a 1.28b 10.03 12.43b 11.11 8.94b
P-value
 Ps effect 0.770 0.331 0.178 0.700 0.121 0.982 0.500 0.329 0.391 0.081T 0.868 0.941 0.771 0.078T 0.177 0.363 0.182 0.234
 BS effect 0.385 0.143 0.001 0.571 0.016 0.024 0.040 0.010 0.637 0.495 0.000 0.931 0.000 0.001 0.122 0.010 0.187 0.000
 Ps x BS effect 0.053T 0.220 0.114 0.598 0.229 0.109 0.081T 0.223 0.810 0.335 0.568 0.233 0.131 0.614 0.453 0.305 0.363 0.327

a,bMeans with different superscripts in a row differ significantly (P < 0.05). T = tendency to be influenced by treatment.

Abbreviations: CWP, cowpea; LAB, lactic acid bacteria; Ps, protein sources; SBM, soybean meal.

1

Data are means of 12 birds per treatment.

2

Bacillus subtilis, ATCC 6051a strain: 5.0 × 1011 CFU/g−1 feed.

3

Data were analyzed as a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement.