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. 2020 Sep 1;99(11):5598–5606. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.08.044

Table 4.

Effect of in ovo feeding of a commercial product containing canthaxanthin at 17.5 d of embryo development on the quality scores1 (0–100 points) of newly hatched chicks.

Quality score1 Commercial product containing canthaxanthin (mg/0.5 mL/egg)
0.00 0.35 0.45 0.55 0.65 SEM P-value
<70.0 points (%) 1.68c 6.58c 6.63c 35.76b 49.00a 12.59 <0.0001
71.0–80.0 points (%) 1.30c 7.55c 9.13b 33.62b,a 39.31a 3.58 <0.0001
81.0–90.0 points (%) 6.00c 33.56a 45.16a 17.48b 4.98c 3.89 <0.0001
91.0–100.0 points (%) 91.01a 53.30b 39.06c 13.37d 6.70d 16.31 <0.0001

a–dMeans within a row with different superscript letters at different by Kruskal-Wallis test (P < 0.05).

1

Observed items: chick activity, dry feathers, opens eyes, navel, abdominal distention, legs and red hocks. Score adapted from Tona et al. (2003).