Appendix B:
Standardized Betas for Univariable and Multivariable Regression Analyses Using the Rivermead Post Concussion Questionnaire Total Scale and Subscales as Outcome Measurement
| PCS – cognitive (3 items) | RPQ – somatic (9 items) | RPQ – emotional (4 items) | RPQ total scale (16 items) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictors | Univariable (standardized ß) | Multivariable (standardized ß) | Univariable (standardized ß) | Multivariable (standardized ß) | Univariable (standardized ß) | Multivariable (standardized ß) | Univariable (standardized ß) | Multivariable (standardized ß) |
| Age (/y) | 0.10 | 0.07 | 0.10 | 0.13 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.09 | 0.10 |
| Gender (female vs. male) | 0.07 | 0.10 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.08 |
| Years of education (/y) | −0.25 | −0.24 | −0.25 | −0.21 | −0.22 | −0.20 | −0.20 | −0.24 |
| Pre‐injury seizures* (yes vs. no) | 0.13 | 0.05 | 0.11 | <0.01 | 0.13 | 0.04 | 0.13 | 0.03 |
| Pre‐injury migraine and headache (yes vs. no) | 0.11 | <0.01 | 0.29 | 0.18 | 0.17 | 0.05 | 0.23 | 0.11 |
| Pre‐injury psychiatric disorders** (yes vs. no) | 0.27 | 0.17 | 0.28 | 0.18 | 0.26 | 0.17 | 0.30 | 0.19 |
| Prior TBI (yes vs. no) | 0.20 | 0.22 | 0.24 | 0.19 | 0.24 | 0.18 | 0.25 | 0.22 |
| BAL | ||||||||
| ‐High BAL vs. low/unmeasured | −0.11 | −0.12 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.02 | −0.16 | −0.01 | −0.02 |
| ‐Unmeasured BAL vs. high/low | −0.12 | −0.11 | −0.01 | −0.02 | 0.01 | −0.08 | −0.04 | −0.04 |
| GCS 13 or 14 vs. GCS 15 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.02 | −0.01 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.03 |
| CT abnormalities*** (yes vs. no) | 0.01 | 0.08 | −0.12 | −0.03 | −0.14 | −0.07 | −0.10 | −0.02 |
| PTA | ||||||||
| ‐ yes vs. no/unknown | −0.21 | −0.19 | 0.07 | 0.11 | <0.01 | −0.01 | −0.02 | <0.01 |
| ‐ no vs. yes/unknown | −0.16 | −0.21 | 0.05 | 0.02 | −0.02 | −0.06 | −0.03 | −0.04 |
| LOC | ||||||||
| ‐ Yes vs. no/unknown | 0.06 | 0.06 | −0.10 | −0.12 | −0.02 | −0.01 | −0.04 | −0.05 |
| ‐ No vs. yes/unknown | <0.01 | 0.02 | −0.15 | −0.13 | −0.11 | −0.08 | −0.11 | −0.09 |
| Extracranial AIS ≥3 in at least one body region (yes vs. no) | −0.05 | −0.06 | −0.02 | −0.01 | −0.05 | −0.05 | −0.04 | −0.04 |
Standardized betas are shown for all variables. The multivariable model is based on all candidate predictors in the table.
Includes seizures and epilepsy.
Includes anxiety, depression, sleeping disorders, and bipolar disorder.
Includes epidural hematoma, subdural hematoma, subarachnoid hemorrhage, contusion, intracerebral hemorrhage, intraventricular hemorrhage, diffuse axonal injury, brain swelling, midline shift, cistern compression, fourth ventricle shift, and third ventricle shift.
PCS, post‐concussive syndrome; TBI, traumatic brain injury; BAL, blood alcohol level; GCS, Glasgow coma scale; CT, computed tomography; PTA, posttraumatic amnesia; LOC, loss of consciousness; AIS, abbreviated injury score.