Table 3.
Overview of fMRI results and statistical tests
| A. Resulting clusters for RFX ANOVA testing differences in response inhibition between BPD and NPC | ||||||||||||||||||
| Brain area | L/R | BA | Cluster size | Talairach peak voxel | Nogo Negative minus Nogo Neutral | Nogo Positive minus Nogo Neutral | Nogo Erotic minus Nogo Neutral | |||||||||||
| mm3 | x | y | z | B | SE | p | B | SE | p | B | SE | p | ||||||
| Nogo Negative versus Nogo Neutral | ||||||||||||||||||
| Inferior parietal lobe | L | 7 | 1941 | -24 | -64 | 28 | -.167 | .060 | .006 | < -.001 | .061 | .989 | -.074 | .062 | .239 | |||
| Middle frontal gyrus, Frontal eye fields | L | 8 | 470 | -36 | -4 | 58 | -.223 | .060 | <.001 | -.185 | .061 | .002 | -.220 | .062 | <.001 | |||
| Nogo Positive versus Nogo Neutral | ||||||||||||||||||
| Posterior cingulate cortex | L | 30 | 489 | -24 | -67 | 8 | .117 | .056 | .037 | .207 | .057 | <.001 | .099 | .058 | .086 | |||
| Nogo Erotic versus Nogo Neutral | ||||||||||||||||||
| Subcallosal gyrus, ventromedial | L | 25 | 381 | -9 | 23 | -11 | .016 | .061 | .799 | .094 | .061 | .126 | .127 | .061 | .039 | |||
| Brainstema | R | 1140 | 3 | -25 | -42 | .017 | .047 | .719 | .053 | .047 | .260 | .094 | .048 | .049 | ||||
| B. Significance levels of linear and quadratic trends of brain responses in relation to severity of personality psychopathology: from NPC to CCP to BPD | ||||||||||||||||||
| Nogo Negative minus Nogo Neutral | Nogo Positive minus Nogo Neutral | Nogo Erotic minus Nogo Neutral | ||||||||||||||||
| Linear | Quadratic | Linear | Quadratic | Linear | Quadratic | |||||||||||||
| B | SE | p | B | SE | p | B | SE | p | B | SE | p | B | SE | p | B | SE | p | |
| Nogo Negative versus Nogo Neutral | ||||||||||||||||||
| Inferior parietal lobe | .083 | .030 | .006 | -.029 | .023 | .201 | <.001 | .030 | .989 | -.016 | .023 | .482 | .037 | .031 | .239 | -.008 | .024 | .752 |
| Middle frontal gyrus, Frontal eye fields | .112 | .030 | <.001 | -.031 | .023 | .182 | .092 | .030 | .002 | -.016 | .023 | .481 | .110 | .031 | <.001 | .008 | .023 | .742 |
| Nogo Positive versus Nogo Neutral | ||||||||||||||||||
| Posterior cingulate cortex | -.059 | .028 | .037 | .020 | .021 | .350 | -.103 | .028 | <.001 | .058 | .022 | .007 | -.050 | .029 | .086 | .042 | .022 | .056 |
| Nogo Erotic versus Nogo Neutral | ||||||||||||||||||
| Subcallosal gyrus, ventromedial | -.008 | .031 | .799 | .010 | .023 | .674 | -.047 | .031 | .126 | . 014 | .023 | .550 | -.063 | .031 | .039 | -.043 | .023 | .067 |
| Brainstema | -.008 | .024 | .719 | -.019 | .018 | .298 | -.027 | .024 | .260 | .006 | .018 | .725 | -.047 | .024 | .049 | .008 | .018 | .650 |
Abbreviations: BPD, Borderline personality disorder; NPC, Non-patient controls; CCP, Cluster-C control patients; L, Left; R, Right; BA, Brodmann area.
Mean estimates (B), standard errors (SE) and p-values are based on linear mixed model analyses. F-map thresholded at p < 0.005 and cluster size.
aPossibly affected by site.