Figure 5.

Icaritin inhibited tumor growth, infiltration of programmed cell death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1)+ myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSC) in vivo, and induced survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. A1‐4, Tumor growth inhibition (H22‐BALB/c mice) was correlated with the decreased immune cell infiltration of MDSC to CD45+ ratio (%) and PD‐L1+MDSC to CD45+ ratio (%), but was less correlated with PD‐L1+ MDSC to MDSC ratio (%). B1, Dual staining of PD‐L1 and CD68 in macrophages in a partial response case. B2, Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis of patients with immune cell PD‐L1 expression (cut‐off ≥ 1% tumor/immune cells). B3, Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis of patients with high expression of PD‐L1 with low and high platelet counts. C1, Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the advantage vs disadvantage group. C2, C3, Dynamic changes of NLR of 30% decrease (blue), 30% increase (red), and minor changes/stable (gray) (C2) with Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis (C3). Ctrl, control; ICT, icaritin; HR, hazard ratio; OS, overall survival