Table 3.

Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis for clinical benefit rate (n = 152)

Variable	CBR, %	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
		OR	95% CI	p value	OR	95% CI	p value
Experimental therapy
IO monotherapy	28.8	Ref
IO combination	38.7	1.56	0.781–3.194	.214
Age
<65	29.2	Ref
≥65	47.8	2.22	1.086–4.552	.029	2.91	1.16–7.31	.023
Sex
Female	26.7	Ref
Male	46.8	2.42	1.226–4.828	.011	2.19	0.91–5.24	.079
PS ECOG
0	37.0	Ref
≥1	32.4	0.81	0.414–1.591	.549
Visceral metastases
No	43.9	Ref
Yes	31.5	0.59	0.282–1.235	.158
Metastatic site
≤2	45.5	Ref
>2	20.3	0.31	0.142–0.628	.002	0.5	0.2–1.25	.139
Prior lines of therapy
≤2	43.5	Ref
>2	21.7	0.36	0.167–0.739	.007	0.43	0.15–1.19	.105
LDH
<ULN	51.6	Ref
>ULN	20.8	0.25	0.104–0.550	<.001	0.25	0.1–0.62	.003
NLR
<6	33.6	Ref
≥6	40.7	1.36	0.567–3.167	.481
dNLR
<3	35.5	Ref
≥3	30.0	0.78	0.314–1.803	.568
PLR
<300	32.2	Ref
≥300	43.2	1.61	0.745–3.429	.221
LMR
<3	33.6	Ref
≥3	39.4	1.28	0.570–2.825	.538
Albumin
≤3.5	26.3	Ref
>3.5	36.1	1.58	0.566–5.135	.406

Abbreviations: CBR, clinical benefit rate; CI, confidence interval; dNLR, derived neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio; IO, immunotherapy; LMR, lymphocyte‐to‐monocyte ratio; OR, odds ratio; NLR, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio; PLR, platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio; PS ECOG, performance status according to Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; ULN, upper limit of normal.