Table 3.
Intervention and outcomes.
| Study name | Reid | Linsenmeyer | Waites | Lee | Hess | Sappal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | 2001 | 2004 | 2004 | 2007 | 2008 | 2018 |
| Study design | Longitudinal | Crossover randomized controlled | Parallel randomized controlled | Parallel (4 groups) randomized controlled | Crossover randomized controlled | Parallel randomized controlled |
| Intervention Cranberry | Juice 750 mL (3 × 259 mL, mealtimes) PAC content not reported | Tablets 1.2 g/d (3 × 0.4 g) PAC content not reported | Capsule 2.0 g/d PAC content not reported |
Tablets 1.6 g/d CB 1.6 g/d + MH 0.2 g/d PAC content not reported | Tablet 1.0 g/d (2 × 0.5 g) PAC content not reported | Capsule PAC content 36 mg |
| Control | Water 750 mL (3 × 259 mL, mealtimes) | Placebo | Placebo identical (lactose) | Placebo and MH 0.2 g/d | Placebo identical (rice flour) | Placebo |
| Study duration | 1 week each, 2 days washout | 4 weeks each, 1 week washout | 6 months | 6 months | 6 months | 15 days |
| Outcomes | Bacteriuria Bacterial biofilm load |
Bacteriuria, pyuria | Bacteriuria | Symptomatic UTI | Symptomatic UTI | Bacteriuria, pyuria |
| Bacteriuria (cut-off) | Not specified | Midstream specimen of urine: ≥104/mL catheter specimen of urine: >105/mL | Catheter specimen of urine: ≥104/mL | ≥105/mL | ≥104/mL | ≥105/mL |
| Reported effects | Water: 7/15 CB juice: 7/15 |
Not significant | Treatment: 10/26 Control: 8/22 | Treatment (CB and CB+MH): 67/153 Control (placebo and MH): 71/152 |
Treatment: 6/47 Control: 16/47 |
Not significant |
| Adverse effects | Not reported | Not reported | Not reported | Mild and infrequent | Not reported | Not reported |
CB: cranberry; MH: methenamine hippurate; PAC: proanthocyanidins; UTI: urinary tract infection.