Table 3.

Comparison of adverse events between the three groups

	Group N (n = 100)	Group L (n = 100)	Group C (n = 100)
Hypotension	44	32	31
Bradycardia (< 50 beats/min)	15	6	8
Hypoxemia (SpO2 < 90%)	18	2a	3a
Chin lift	10	2a	3a
Drowsiness	45	36	46
Physical movement and cough	2	18a	25a

Group C = placebo; group L = lidocaine 0.5 mg/kg; group N = nalbuphine 0.1 mg/kg

^aMultiple comparison on adverse events: p < 0.05 vs. group N