Table 2.

EC₅₀ values of ZP and TP propolis fractions on T. congolense IL3000 and the diminazene-resistant T. congolense clone 6C3 (n = 3).

Samples	Trypanosoma congolense IL3000	Trypanosoma congolense 6C3
	EC50, AVG ± SEM (μg/mL)	EC50, AVG ± SEM (μg/mL)	R. F	t-test
Zambian propolis (ZP) and its fractions
ZP Crudea	14.39 ± 0.37	13.48 ± 1.12	0.94	0.4821
ZP-F1a	84.65 ± 4.98	76.45 ± 2.68	0.90	0.2205
ZP-F2a	10.89 ± 0.72	14.22 ± 1.47	1.31	0.1117
ZP-F3a	5.85 ± 0.54	5.50 ± 0.29	0.94	0.5943
ZP-F4a	3.92 ± 0.39	4.25 ± 0.23	1.08	0.5081
ZP-F5a	5.97 ± 0.74	8.92 ± 0.82	1.50	0.0557
ZP-F6a	6.30 ± 0.74	6.70 ± 1.01	1.06	0.7715
ZP-F7a	7.28 ± 0.78	8.84 ± 0.67	1.21	0.1656
ZP-F8a	9.57 ± 0.64	9.35 ± 0.36	0.98	0.7578
ZP-F9a	23.00 ± 1.90	23.15 ± 1.97	1.01	0.9607
Tanzanian propolis (ZP) and its fraction
TP crudea	1.46 ± 0.29	1.62 ± 0.27	1.11	0.7031
TP-F1a	16.09 ± 2.32	17.55 ± 1.16	1.09	0.6045
TP-F2a	16.32 ± 1.16	19.17 ± 0.88	1.18	0.1214
TP-F3a	11.83 ± 1.00	12.40 ± 1.49	1.05	0.7652
TP-F4a	6.34 ± 0.67	5.91 ± 0.60	0.93	0.6596
TP-F5a	9.34 ± 0.58	9.63 ± 0.67	1.03	0.7613
TP-F6a	21.34 ± 1.58	21.69 ± 0.86	1.02	0.8540
TP-F7a	12.49 ± 1.02	15.48 ± 1.31	1.24	0.1464
TP-F8a	8.29 ± 0.61	9.66 ± 0.89	1.17	0.2734
TP-F9a	113.97 ± 5.55	103.03 ± 2.84	0.90	0.1544
Control
Diminazeneb	0.20 ± 0.03	1.51 ± 0.09	7.75	0.0002

The EC₅₀ values are the average ± SEM of at least 3 independent determinations. ^a EC₅₀ in μg/mL; ^b EC₅₀ in μM. RF = Resistance factor, being EC₅₀(WT)/EC₅₀(6C3). Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed Student's t-test comparing the EC₅₀ values of the resistant strain with those obtained for the control strain IL3000. Diminazene is the most used trypanocide against AAT and used as positive control and strain control for 6C3.