Table 5.

Main publications directly assessing outcomes of transcaval embolisation for EL2

Authors	No. of endoleak cases	Patient population	Embolic material	Technical success (%)	Follow-up length mean–months (range)	Clinical success (%)	Additional comments
Scali et al.  [84]	6	6	Coils + thrombin	6 (100)	8.1 (2–22)	4 (66)	Thrombin used in 2 IV ultrasound in 4 and intraoperative CT in 2 cases
Gandini et al.  [85]	29	26	Coils + glue/thrombin	9 (100)	25 (14–31)	25 (86)	Feeding artery also embolised in 20 cases, all with no recurrence
Giles et al.  [86]	29	29	Coils + thrombin	24 (83)	16.5 (± 10.4)	20 (70)	Thrombin injection used in 5, IV ultrasound in 4 and intra operative CT in 5 cases
Mansueto  [87]	12	12	Coils + thrombin	11 (92)	12	10 (83)	Thrombin injection used in 5, IV ultrasound in 4 and intra operative CT in 5 cases