Table 1.

Ongoing clinical trials in Vitiligo

Target	Drugs	Trial phase	Administration	Clinical trial reference	Results
Anti-inflammatory treatments
JAK 1/2 inhibitor	Ruxolitinib	2	Topical	NCT03099304	Facial-VASI50 at week 24  1.5% twice daily (15 [45%] of 33) and 1·5% once daily (15 [50%] of 30)
JAK 1/2 inhibitor	Ruxolitinib	3	Topical	NCT04052425 (TRuE-V1) and NCT04057573 (TruE-V2	Ongoing
JAK/SYK inhibitor	Cerdulatinib	2	Topical	NCTO4103060	Ongoing
JAK1/TYK2 inhibitor	PF-06651600 PF-06700841	2	Systemic	NCT03715829	Ongoing
JAK3 inhibitor	ATI-50002	2	Topical	NCT03468855	Ongoing
Anti-IL-15	AMG 714	2	Systemic	NCT04338581	Ongoing
Anti-IL-17	Secukinumab	Pilot trial	Systemic	EudraCT number: 2015–003552–48	No significant improvement
PDE4 inhibitor	Apremilast + NB-UVB	2	Systemic	NCT03123016	No significant improvement
PDE4 inhibitor	Apremilast + NB-UVB	2	Systemic	NCT03036995	No significant improvement
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor	Simvastatin	2	Systemic	NCT01517893	No significant improvement
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor	Atorvastatin + NB-UVB	2	Systemic	NCT02432534	No significant improvement
Folic acid metabolism inhibitor	Methotrexate + NB-UVB	2	Systemic	NCT04237103	Ongoing
Regenerative treatments
Antioxidant	Gastroprotected superoxide dismutase: glisodin + NB-UVB	2	Systemic	NCT03941808	Ongoing
Mc1R agonist	Afamelanotide + NB-UVB	2	Subcutaneous implant	NCT01430195	VASI score: at week 24:  Combination therapy group, repigmentation: 48.64% (95% CI 39.49–57.80%)  NB-UVB: 33.26% (95% CI 24.18–42.33%)
Maintenance treatments
Calcineurin inhibitor	Tacrolimus	2	Topical	NCT01841008	Depigmentation of lesions Placebo group : 48.2%  Tacrolimus group: 10.4%

 HMG-CoA β-Hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA , IL interleukin, JAK Janus kinase, McIR Melanocortin 1 receptor, NB-UVB narrow band ultraviolet B, PDE4 phosphodiesterase-4, SYK spleen tyrosine kinase, TYK2 tyrosine kinase 2, VASI vitiligo area scoring index