A better understanding of the immune pathogenesis of vitiligo has led to the identification and development of targeted therapies.

Targeting innate immune pathways through the inhibition of danger signals, such as HSP70, represents an interesting approach for the treatment of vitiligo.

Resident memory T cells are involved in the recurrence of vitiligo and could be targeted by blocking interleukin-15.

Trials involving JAK inhibitors, which inhibit the effects of several pro-inflammatory cytokines, have shown promising results in vitiligo.

Promoting the regeneration of melanocytes and preventing their loss will still be an important step to consider in treating vitiligo.