Table 1.
Items of the Narrative Absorption Scale (NAS; Capturing Four Dimensions), Enjoyment, Effort, and Comprehension.
| Dimension | Question |
|---|---|
| Attention (NAS) | When I finished listening, I was surprised to see that time had gone by so fast. |
| Attention (NAS) | When I was listening, I was focused on what happened in the story. |
| Attention (NAS) | I felt absorbed in the story. |
| Attention (NAS) | The story gripped me in such a way that I could close myself off for things that were happening around me. |
| Attention (NAS) | I was listening in such a concentrated way that I had forgotten the world around me. |
| Emotional engagement (NAS) | When I listened to the story, I could imagine what it must be like to be in the shoes of the main character(s). |
| Emotional engagement (NAS) | I felt sympathy for the main character(s). |
| Emotional engagement (NAS) | I felt connected with the main character(s) of the story. |
| Emotional engagement (NAS) | I felt how the main character(s) was/were feeling. |
| Emotional engagement (NAS) | I felt for what happened in the story. |
| Mental imagery (NAS) | When I was listening to the story, I had an image of the main character(s) in mind. |
| Mental imagery (NAS) | When I was listening to the story, I could see the situations happening in the story being played out before my eyes. |
| Mental imagery (NAS) | I could imagine what the world in which the story took place looked like. |
| Transportation (NAS) | When I was listening to the story, it sometimes seemed as if I were in the story world too. |
| Transportation (NAS) | When listening to the story, there were moments in which I felt that the story world overlapped with my own world. |
| Transportation (NAS) | The world of the story sometimes felt closer to me than the world around me. |
| Transportation (NAS) | When I was finished with listening to the story, it felt like I had taken a trip to the world of the story. |
| Transportation (NAS) | Because all of my attention went into the story, I sometimes felt as if I could not exist separate from the story. |
| Enjoyment | I thought it was an exciting story. |
| Enjoyment | I thought it was an enthralling story. |
| Enjoyment | I listened to the story with great interest. |
| Enjoyment | I thought the story was beautiful. |
| Enjoyment | I thought the story was presented well. |
| Effort | I had to invest effort to understand what was said. |
| Effort | It was difficult to understand what was said. |
| Effort | Understanding the speaker was hard. |
| Comprehension | I got the gist of the story. |
| Comprehension | I have a good sense of what the story was about. |
| Comprehension | The story was understandable. |