Table 3.
Univariate and multivariate analyses of overall survival in 437 esophageal carcinoma patients.
| Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95%CI | P-value | HR | 95%CI | P-value | |
| Age (<64 vs. ≥64 years) | 0.817 | 0.611–1.092 | 0.171 | 0.782 | 1.581–1.051 | 0.103 |
| Gender (Male vs. Female) | 0.944 | 0.696–1.280 | 0.712 | 0.756 | 0.502–1.137 | 0.179 |
| Smoking (Yes vs. No) (3 missing data) | 1.190 | 0.893–1.586 | 0.235 | 1.181 | 0.710–1.967 | 0.522 |
| Alcohol (Yes vs. No) (5 missing data) | 1.151 | 0.863–1.535 | 0.338 | 1.227 | 0.768–1.960 | 0.391 |
| Medical insurance (Rural vs. Others) | 1.110 | 0.822–1.498 | 0.495 | |||
| Blood loss (≤ 200 vs. >200 ml) | 0.840 | 0.565–1.294 | 0.390 | |||
| Operation time (≤ 180 vs. >180 min) | 0.821 | 0.580–1.162 | 0.265 | |||
| Lymph nodes retrieved (≤ 23 vs. >23) | 1.112 | 0.834–1.484 | 0.469 | |||
| pT stage (T1–2 vs. T3–4) | 2.059 | 1.431–2.963 | 0.0001 | |||
| pN stage (N0 vs. N1–3) | 2.570 | 1.917–3.446 | <0.0001* | |||
| pTNM staging 7th (I, II vs. III) | 6.438 | 0.327–0.587 | <0.0001* | 0.431 | 0.321–0.579 | <0.001* |
| Surgical approach (R vs. L) | 1.002 | 0.752–1.337 | 0.987 | 1.031 | 0.771–1.377 | 0.838 |
HR, Hazard Ratio; CI, confidence interval; pN, pathological lymph nodes; pTNM, pathological tumor/node/metastasis; R, minimally invasive esophagectomy; L, open esophagectomy.
*
Statistically significant (p < 0.05).