Table 3.
Predictors of co-occurrence of anaemia and stunting by age group.
| Variables | 6–23 months |
24–35 |
36–59 |
Pooled (ALL) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AOR [CI 95%] | AOR [CI 95%] | AOR [CI 95%] | AOR [CI 95%] | |
| Household | ||||
| Location (ref = rural) | ||||
| Urban | 0.8 [0.4, 1.9] | 1.0 [0.4, 2.3] | 0.9 [0.4, 1.9] | 1.0 [0.6, 1.5] |
| Sex of household head (ref = female) | ||||
| Male | 0.8 [0.4, 1.4] | 1.0 [0.4, 2.8] | 1.0 [0.4, 2.3] | 0.9 [0.6, 1.4] |
| Wealth (tertile) (ref = low) | ||||
| Middle | 1.1 [0.5, 2.3] | 0.3 [0.1, 0.9] ** | 0.6 [0.3, 1.1] * | 0.7 [0.5, 1.0] |
| High | 1.3 [0.5, 3.8] | 0.3 [0.1, 0.8]** | 0.2 [0.1, 0.5] *** | 0.4 [0.2, 0.8] *** |
| Water source (ref = unimproved) | ||||
| Improved | 0.8 [0.4, 1.8] | 1.5 [0.7, 3.1] | 0.9 [(0.5, 1.7] | 1.0 [0.6, 1.6] |
| Sanitation(ref = unimproved) | ||||
| Improved | 1.5 [0.8, 2.7] | 0.7 [0.4, 1.3] | 1.0 [0.6, 1.7] | 1.0 [0.7, 1.5] |
| Sleep under mosquito bed net (ref = no) | ||||
| All children | 1.0 [0.5, 1.7] | 0.5 [0.2, 1.4] | 1.1 [0.6, 1.8] | 0.9 [0.6, 1.3] |
| Some children | 2.1 [0.8, 5.3] | 1.0 [0.3, 3.3] | 2.0 [0.8, 4.8] | 1.6 [0.8, 3.2] |
| No net in household | 0.9 [0.4, 2.0] | 0.4 [0.1, 1.7] | 1.2 [0.6, 2.4] | 0.9 [0.5, 1.5] |
| Caregiver/mother | ||||
| Marital status (ref = never in union) | ||||
| Currently in union | 1.9 [0.5, 7.9] | 0.9 [0.3, 3.3] | 1.0 [0.3, 4.0] | 1.6 [0.7, 3.3] |
| EverFormerly in union | 5.1 [1.1, 24.3] ** | 0.5 [0.1, 3.7] | 1.3 [0.4, 4.2] | 2.1 [0.9, 5.0] |
| Parity (number of children born) | 1.1 [1.0, 1.3] | 1.1 [0.9, 1.2] | 0.9 [0.8, 1.0] | 1.0 [0.9, 1.1] |
| Educational level (ref = no education) | ||||
| Primary | 0.6 [0.3, 1.2] | 1.5 [0.7, 3.3] | 0.6 [0.3, 1.1] | 0.7 [0.5, 1.1] |
| Secondary and higher | 0.3 [0.2, 0.6] *** | 0.6 [0.2, 1.7] | 0.7 [0.3, 1.6] | 0.5 [0.3, 0.9] ** |
| Children | ||||
| Age (ref: 6–23 months) | ||||
| 24–35 months | 0.8 [0.5, 1.5] | |||
| 36–59 months | 0.9 [0.5, 1.6] | |||
| Sex (ref = female) | ||||
| Male | 1.3 [0.8, 2.1] | 0.8 [0.4, 1.4] | 1.1 [0.7, 1.8] | 1.1 [0.8, 1.4] |
| Had fever (previous 2weeks) (ref = no) | ||||
| Yes | 1.1 [0.5, 2.1] | 0.7 [0.3, 1.6] | 1.2 [0.6, 2.4] | 1.0 [0.6, 1.4] |
| Had diarrhoea (previous 2weeks) (ref = no) | ||||
| Yes | 0.9 [0.5, 1.7] | 1.0 [0.4, 2.4] | 0.5 [0.2, 1.3] | 0.8 [0.5, 1.2] |
| Taken vitamin A supplement -in pervious 6 months (ref = no) | ||||
| Yes | 1.2 [0.7, 2.2] | 2.0 [1.0, 4.1] | 0.6 [0.3, 1.0] | 0.9 [0.6, 1.2] |
| Breastfeeding status (ref = still breastfeeding) | ||||
| Ever breastfed, not currently breastfeed | 1.7 [0.9, 2.9] | 1.2 [0.5, 2.6] | 0.4 [0.1, 3.2] | 1.4 [0.9, 2.4] |
| Never breastfed | 56.3 [2.8–129.2] *** | 0.1 [0.0, 1.6] | 1.2 [0.3, 4.7] | |
| Minimum dietary diversity score (ref = 4) | ||||
| ≥4 |
0.6 [0.3, 1.2] |
2.4 [0.3, 22.4] |
1.5 [0.6, 3.6] |
0.9 [0.5, 1.6] |
|
Observations |
842 |
548 |
972 |
2365 |
| F-Statistics |
F (20, 311) = 2.25 P-value = 0.00 |
F (21, 262) = 3.33 P-value = 0.00 |
F (21, 318) = 3.73 P-value = 0.00 |
F (23, 375) = 3.27 P-value = 0.00 |
Values represents odds ratios and 95% confident intervals1Wealth status of the household determined using an asset-based index using principal components analysis to create standardized which were then categorized into quintiles.Children who were anaemic and stunted at the same time is considered to be having the two condition concurrently, thus the co-occurrence of anaemia and stunting. **P < 0.05 ***P < 0.001.