Table 2.
Compound | Effect | Model | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Isothiocyanate sulforaphane | Activates KEAP-NFE2L2-ARE pathway Inhibits mitochondrial fission |
RPE-1 cells | O'Mealey et al. (2017) |
Dimethyl fumarate | NFE2L2 activator Neuroprotection |
Primary microglias NFE2L2 gene modified mice |
Lastres-Becker et al. (2016) |
RS9 | NFE2L2 activator Autophagy induction |
ARPE-19 cells | Saito et al. (2018) |
RTA408 | Activates NFE2L2 Prevents apoptosis |
Primary human RPE cells |
Liu et al., 2016 |
Glycyrrhizin | Increases expression of NFE2L2 and HO-1 | ARPE-19 cells C57BL/6 mice |
He et al. (2019) |
Fucoxanthin | Suppress VEGF production Resists senescence Improves phagocytosis Reduces ROS production |
ARPE-19 cells Rabbit model |
Liu et al. (2016c) |
Lutein | Activates NFE2L2 | ARPE-19 cells9 | Frede et al. (2017) |
Lycopene | Inhibits nuclear factor-kappa B Activates NFE2L2 |
ARPE-19 cells | Yang et al. (2016) |
Zeaxanthin | Improves anti-oxidant capacity Prevent cell death |
ARPE-19 cells | Zou et al. (2014) |
Astaxanthin | Reduces ROS production Activates KEAP-NFE2L2-ARE pathway Prevents apoptosis |
ARPE-19 cells | Li et al. (2013) |
Fisetin | Attenuates inflammation | ARPE-19 cells Primary human RPE cells |
Hytti et al. (2015) Hytti et al. (2017) |
Pinosylvin | Protects against oxidative stress | ARPE-19 cells | Koskela et al., 2014 |
PF06409577 | Activates AMPK Protects from UV radiation |
ARPE-19 cells | Li et al. (2018) |
AICAR | Activates autophagy Decreases protein aggregation |
ARPE-19 cells |
Viiri et al. (2013) Marchesi et al. (2018) |