Table 2.

Bivariate analysis of factors associated with depression, anxiety and stress

Variable	Depression	Anxiety	Stress
Gender
Male	5.92 ± 4.17	5.10 ± 3.49	10.24 ± 8.44
Female	6.97 ± 4.75	6.32 ± 4.34	12.41 ± 10.11
p	0.035	0.007	0.042
Governorate
Beirut	6.23 ± 4.43	6.67 ± 3.29	9.53 ± 9.54
Mount Lebanon	6.81 ± 4.60	6.06 ± 4.28	12.42 ± 9.76
North	6.26 ± 5.12	5.40 ± 4.07	11.14 ± 9.68
South	6.67 ± 4.91	6.11 ± 4.39	11.52 ± 8.70
Bekaa	6.03 ± 3.69	4.87 ± 3.36	10.49 ± 8.88
p	0.729	0.065	0.243
Education level
Illiterate/primary/ complementary	4.22 ± 3.93	4.39 ± 3.96	8.17 ± 8.31
Secondary	6.80 ± 4.81	5.91 ± 4.24	12.97 ± 10.26
University	6.47 ± 4.32	5.73 ± 3.91	10.44 ± 8.72
p	0.074	0.330	0.018
Monthly income
< 1000 USD	6.47 ± 4.42	5.23 ± 3.48	11.16 ± 8.68
1000–2000 USD	6.38 ± 4.36	5.81 ± 4.10	10.52 ± 9.19
> 2000 USD	5.83 ± 4.26	5.13 ± 3.30	10.19 ± 8.21
p	0.617	0.510	0.684
Sleep apnea
No	6.35 ± 4.27	5.59 ± 3.75	10.98 ± 8.90
Yes	7.97 ± 5.40	7.36 ± 5.07	14.65 ± 11.57
p	0.036	0.014	0.027
Cigarette smoking
No	6.43 ± 4.44	5.73 ± 4.02	11.12 ± 9.01
Yes	7.09 ± 4.88	6.09 ± 4.18	13.43 ± 11.23
p	0.364	0.667	0.264
Waterpipe smoking
No	6.49 ± 4.56	5.79 ± 4.04	11.22 ± 9.22
Yes	6.73 ± 4.25	5.76 ± 4.04	12.82 ± 10.29
p	0.503	0.931	0.278
Bruxism at night
No	6.12 ± 4.34	5.53 ± 3.85	10.71 ± 8.81
Yes	7.91 ± 4.43	6.62 ± 4.08	14.09 ± 10.53
p	0.001	0.051	0.008
Dental gutter
No	6.36 ± 4.53	5.75 ± 4.06	11.02 ± 9.31
Yes	7.75 ± 4.33	6.17 ± 3.84	14.18 ± 9.60
p	0.012	0.275	0.017
Presence of TMJ
No	6.21 ± 4.41	5.50 ± 3.95	10.82 ± 9.04
Yes	7.77 ± 4.69	6.91 ± 4.19	13.88 ± 10.47
p	0.005	0.01	0.015
Kind of work
Desk	7.43 ± 5.03	6.55 ± 4.42	13.04 ± 10.60
Standing	6.00 ± 4.24	5.61 ± 4.10	11.05 ± 8.66
Computer	5.97 ± 4.35	5.23 ± 3.39	9.33 ± 8.87
p	0.042	0.08	0.036

Numbers in bold indicate significant p-values based on the corrected p ≤ 0.002.