| JIA | Juvenile idiopathic arthritis |
| GM | Gut microbiome |
| CTRLs | Controls |
| OTUs | Operational taxonomic units |
| SPME/GC-MS | Solid phase microextraction/Gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry |
| 1H-NMR | Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy |
| VOCs | Volatile organic compounds |
| JADAS | Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score |
| CRP | C- reactive protein level |
| ESR | Erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
| NSAIDs | Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
| MSC | Number of misclassifications |
| ROC | Receiver operating characteristic |
| PLS-DA | Partial least squares discriminant analysis |
| RP | Rank product |
| CCR | Correct classification rate |
| DCV | Double cross-validation |
| ERA | Enthesitis-related arthritis patients |
| NAFLD | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| OPGG | Ospedale Pediatrico Giannina Gaslini |
| OPBG | Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù |
| ILAR | International League Against Rheumatism |