Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants.
| Baseline Characteristics | Intervention (n = 77) | Control (n = 78) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 78.1 ± 8.1 | 77.9 ± 8.5 | 0.88 |
| Sex (% female) | 50.7 | 64.1 | 0.09 |
| Weight (kg) | 75.0 ± 15.6 | 70.7 ± 14.0 | 0.08 |
| Height (cm) | 167.2 ± 11.5 | 161.5 ± 9.5 | 0.002 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.8 ± 4.9 | 27.0 ± 5.4 | 0.82 |
| Type of age-related macular degeneration (AMD): | |||
| No. eyes with early AMD | 6 | 0 | |
| No. eyes with any late AMD | 94 | 104 | 0.01 |
| Cardiovascular disease (n, %) | 29.0 (37.7) | 26.0 (33.3) | 0.57 |
| Stroke (n, %) | 8.0 (10.4) | 7.0 (9.0) | 0.77 |
| High blood pressure (n, %) | 49.0 (63.6) | 49.0 (62.8) | 0.92 |
| High cholesterol (n, %) | 41.0 (53.3) | 38.0 (50.7) | 0.75 |
| Diabetes (n, %) | 15.0 (19.7) | 21.0 (26.9) | 0.29 |
| Kidney disease (n, %) | 6.0 (7.8) | 4.0 (5.2) | 0.51 |
| Physical activity (h/week) | 3.6 ± 4.0 | 4.4 ± 7.7 | 0.41 |
| No. smokers (%) | 34 (44.7) | 28 (35.9) | 0.35 |
Bolded values indicate statistical significance, p-value < 0.05.