Table 4.
Factors associated with painful peripheral neuropathy: Bivariate analysis
| Painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy | P* | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| No (n=233), n (%) | Yes (n=116), n (%) | ||
| Age (years) | |||
| 25-35 (n=5) | 4 (80.0) | 1 (20.0) | 0.181 |
| 36-45 (n=42) | 31 (73.8) | 11 (26.2) | |
| 46-55 (n=114) | 82 (71.9) | 32 (28.1) | |
| >55 (n=188) | 116 (61.7) | 72 (38.3) | |
| Gender | |||
| Male (n=152) | 116 (76.3) | 36 (23.7) | 0.001 |
| Female (n=197) | 117 (59.4) | 80 (40.6) | |
| Educational level (n=348) | |||
| Illiterate (n=116) | 94 (58.4) | 67 (41.6) | 0.007 |
| Elementary school (n=72) | 55 (76.4) | 17 (23.6) | |
| Intermediate school (n=42) | 34 (81.0) | 8 (19.0) | |
| High-school (n=46) | 28 (60.9) | 18 (39.1) | |
| University/above (n=27) | 21 (77.8) | 6 (22.2) | |
| Body mass index (n=343) | |||
| Normal (n=36) | 20 (55.6) | 16 (44.4) | 0.001 |
| Overweight (n=121) | 97 (80.2) | 24 (19.8) | |
| Obese (n=186) | 113 (60.8) | 73 (39.2) | |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | |||
| <5 (n=86) | 65 (75.6) | 21 (24.4) | <0.001 |
| 5-10 (n=107) | 87 (81.3) | 20 (18.7) | |
| 11-15 (n=55) | 31 (56.4) | 24 (43.6) | |
| >15 (n=95) | 47 (49.5) | 48 (50.5) | |
| Glycated hemoglobin (%) (n=342) | |||
| <7 (n=91) | 69 (75.8) | 22 (24.2) | 0.212 |
| 7-8 (n=95) | 64 (67.4) | 31 (32.6) | |
| 8.1-9.5 (n=75) | 46 (61.3) | 29 (38.7) | |
| >9.5 (n=76) | 49 (64.5) | 27 (35.5) | |
| Medication for diabetes (n=348) | |||
| None (n=6) | 6 (100) | 0 (0.0) | <0.001 |
| Oral hypoglycemic (n=191) | 146 (76.4) | 45 (23.6) | |
| Insulin (n=34) | 15 (44.1) | 19 (55.9) | |
| Oral hypoglycemic and insulin (n=111) | 63 (56.8) | 48 (43.2) | |
*Pearson Chi-square