Table 1. Characteristics of older adults according to SEGAm score.
| Characteristic | Non-frail n = 50 | Frail n = 40 | Very-frail n = 51 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assessment of general data | ||||
| Age, years, median (range) | 69 (66–72.25) | 77 (71–81.75) | 80 (73–85) | <0.001 |
| Age ≥ 80 years, n (%) | 4 (8) | 15 (37.5) | 26 (51) | <0.001 |
| Gender: female/male, n (%) | 15/35 | 19/21 | 27/24 | 0.054 |
| BMI, kg/m2, mean ± SD | 26.11 ± 4.71 a | 25.92 ± 4.92 a | 23.27 ± 4.59 b | 0.014 |
| Assessment of living condition | <0.001 | |||
| With spouse, n (%) | 30 (60) | 6 (15) | 9 (17.6) | |
| With children, n (%) | 12 (24) | 9 (22.5) | 12 (23.5) | |
| Nursing home, n (%) | 8 (16) | 25 (62.5) | 30 (59) | |
| Assessment of general health status | ||||
| Diabetes, n (%) | 24 (48) | 10 (25) | 17 (33.3) | 0.068 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 22 (44) | 20 (50) | 30 (58.8) | 0.325 |
| Dyslipoproteinemia, n (%) | 7 (14) | 5 (12.5) | 5 (9.8) | 0.807 |
| Other, n (%) | 32 (64) | 28 (70) | 43 (84.3) | 0.062 |
| Polypharmacy ≥ 3 n (%) | 30 (60) | 23 (57.5) | 35 (69) | 0.503 |
| Assessment of cognitive status and mood | ||||
| Mini-Cog score, median (range) | 4 (3–5) | 2 (2–3) | 1 (0–2) | <0.001 |
| Mini-GDS score, median (range) | 0 (0–1) | 3 (1–4) | 4 (4–4) | <0.001 |
| Mini-GDS ≥ 1, n (%) | 18 (36) | 33 (82.5) | 46 (90.2) | <0.001 |
| Assessment of nutritional status | ||||
| MNA-SF score, median (range) | 12 (10–14) | 8.5 (7–10) | 5 (4–7) | <0.001 |
| MNA-SF at risk of malnutrition ≤ 8, n (%) | 2(4) | 12 (30) | 44 (86.3) | <0.001 |
| Assessment of living independence | ||||
| ADL score, median (range) | 6 (3.5–6) | 4.5 (3.6–5.5) | 2 (0–4.5) | <0.001 |
| ADL ≤ 5, n (%) | 8 (16) | 22 (55) | 49 (96) | <0.001 |
| Assessment of physical performance | ||||
| Timing TUG, seconds, median (range) | 17.23 (13.76–20.46) | 27.41 (18.23–29.73) | 28.49 (20.81–31.52) | <0.001 |
| Assessment of biochemical data | ||||
| Glycemia, mmol/l, median (range) | 7.3 (5.8–10.2) | 5.9 (4.9–6.55) | 5.5 (4.6–7.8) | 0.014 |
| HbA1c, %, median (range) | 7.7 (6.8–8.6) | 6.4 (5.7–8) | 6.9 (6.1–9.32) | 0.36 |
| Albumin, g/l, mean ± SD | 36.30 ± 6.16 a,b | 39.81 ± 4.69 a | 33.65 ± 9.66 b | 0.006 |
a, b Different superscript letters in the same row indicate significant difference between values at p<0.05 (Duncan’s multiple range test).
BMI, Body mass index; Mini-Cog, Mini Cognitive; Mini-GDS, Mini Geriatric Depression Scale; MNA-SF Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form ADL, Activities of Daily Living; TUG, Timed Up and Go; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c.