Table 1. Characteristics of the 2219 patients (Non-diabetes vs diabetes) including Post-operative stay and complications.
| Non-diabetes (n = 1960) | Diabetes (n = 259) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 68 (61–74) | 70 (65–75) | <0.001 |
| Gender | <0.001 | ||
| Male | 1161 (59.3%) | 187 (72.2%) | |
| Female | 798 (40.7%) | 72 (27.8%) | |
| Smoking status | 0.429 | ||
| Current | 559 (28.5%) | 80 (30.8%) | |
| None | 1401 (71.5%) | 179 (69.2%) | |
| HbA1c level (%) | 5.6 (5.4–6.4) a | 6.4 (6.2–7.6) | 0.003 |
| Preoperative morbidities | |||
| CAD | 100 (5.1%) | 30 (11.6%) | <0.001 |
| Arrhythmia | 47 (2.4%) | 14 (5.4%) | 0.005 |
| CVD | 101 (5.2%) | 21 (8.1%) | 0.049 |
| COPD | 109 (5.6%) | 21 (8.1%) | 0.100 |
| Incision | 0.354 | ||
| Thoracotomy | 662 (33.8%) | 80 (30.9%) | |
| VATS | 1298 (66.2%) | 179 (69.1%) | |
| Surgery type | 0.052 | ||
| Less than lobectomy | 572 (29.2%) | 91 (35.1%) | |
| Lobectomy or more | 1388 (70.8%) | 168 (64.9%) | |
| Intraoperative bleeding (ml) | 60 (5–160) | 50 (5–132) | 0.127 |
| Operative time (min.) | 210 (167–263) | 216 (171–261) | 0.907 |
| Pathology | <0.001 | ||
| Adenocarcinoma | 1403 (71.6%) | 161 (62.2%) | |
| Squamous cell | 427 (21.8%) | 80 (30.9%) | |
| Others | 130 (6.6%) | 18 (6.9%) | |
| Pathological stage (I/II/III/IV) | 1452/223/259/26 (74.0%/11.8%/13.2%/1.0%) | 191/36/28/4 (73.7%/13.9%/10.8%/1.6%) | 0.502 |
| Post-operative complications b | 0.106 | ||
| None or I | 1440 (73.5%) | 178 (68.7%) | |
| II ≤ | 520 (26.5%) | 81 (31.3%) | |
| Post-operative stay (days) | 13 (9–19) | 12 (9–17) | 0.058 |
a The number of patients without DM whose HbA1c levels were measured was small (n = 84).
b The extended Clavien-Dindo classification of surgical complications established by the Japan Clinical Oncology Group was used for grading post-operative complications.
CAD: Coronary artery disease CVD: cerebrovascular disease.
COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease DM: diabetes mellitus.
VATS: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.