Table 3.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) Scores (0–21) During Hospital Visits, Before and After Online Learning by Sociodemographic Factors
| GAD-7 Score During Hospital Visits (Medical/Dental Students) n (%) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Minimal (0–4) | Mild (5–9) | Moderate/Severe (10–21) | Chi-Square | df | P-value* | ||
| Gender | Female | 296 (50.2) | 149 (25.3) | 145 (24.6) | 19.584 | 2 | ≤0.0001 |
| Male | 135 (67.5) | 39 (19.5) | 26 (13) | ||||
| Specialty | Medical | 243 (58.1) | 95 (22.7) | 80 (19.2) | 7.535 | 2 | 0.023 |
| Dental | 116 (47.5) | 64 (26.2) | 64 (26.2) | ||||
| Contact with COVID-19 | No | 324 (55.9) | 140 (24.1) | 116 (20) | 18.586 | 2 | ≤0.0001 |
| Yes | 44 (38.9) | 26 (23) | 43 (38.1) | ||||
| Rotation type | No Rotation | 199 (58.4) | 78 (22.9) | 64 (18.8) | 10.92 | 3 | 0.027 |
| High risk** | 18 (66.7) | 2 (7.4) | 7 (25.9) | ||||
| Low risk | 142 (48.3) | 79 (26.9) | 73 (24.8) | ||||
| Clinical Phase of study | Pre-clinical | 211 (58.4) | 82 (22.7) | 68 (18.8) | 6.627 | 2 | 0.043 |
| Clinical | 148 (49.2) | 77 (25.6) | 76 (25.2) | ||||
| GAD-7 score before online learning (all students) n (%) | |||||||
| Gender | Female | 376 (47.8) | 216 (27.5) | 194 (24.7) | 22.435 | 2 | ≤0.0001 |
| Male | 194 (63.8) | 58 (19.1) | 52 (17.1) | ||||
| Field of Study | Medical | 484 (55.7) | 213 (24.5) | 172 (19.8) | 24.793 | 2 | ≤0.0001 |
| Non-medical | 86 (38.9) | 61 (27.6) | 74 (33.5) | ||||
| GAD-7 score after online learning (all students) n (%) | |||||||
| Gender | Female | 423 (53.8) | 196 (24.9) | 167 (21.2) | 10.788 | 2 | 0.005 |
| Male | 197 (64.8) | 58 (19.1) | 49 (16.1) | ||||
| Field of Study | Medical | 546 (62.8) | 194 (22.3) | 129 (14.8) | 81.90 | 2 | ≤0.0001 |
| Non-medical | 74 (33.5) | 60 (27.1) | 87 (39.4) | ||||
| Change in GAD-7 scores before and after online learning n (%) | |||||||
| Before>After | Before=After | Before <After | |||||
| Gender | Female | 184 (23.4) | 479 (60.9) | 123 (15.6) | 12.224 | 2 | 0.0002 |
| Male | 47 (15.5) | 219 (72) | 38 (12.5) | ||||
| Specialty | Medical | 109 (18.2) | 405 (67.5) | 86 (14.3) | 36.383 | 4 | ≤0.0001 |
| Dental | 77 (28.6) | 171 (63.6) | 21 (7.8) | ||||
| Non-medical | 45 (20.4) | 122 (55.2) | 54 (24.4) | ||||
| Field of Study | Medical | 186 (21.4) | 576 (66.3) | 107 (12.3) | 20.994 | 2 | ≤0.0001 |
| Non-medical | 45 (20.4) | 122 (55.2) | 54 (24.4) | ||||
| Contact with COVID-19 | No | 200 (20.9) | 612 (64) | 144 (15.1) | 0.722 | 2 | 0.697 |
| Yes | 31 (23.1) | 86 (64.2) | 17 (12.7) | ||||
Notes: *Significant at p<0.05. ** High-risk rotation includes Intensive Care Unit, Emergency Room, Operating Rooms, Isolation wards.