Table 5.
Demographics and clinical characteristics of patients with and without cardiac damage
| Variables | Mean ± SD, median (IQR), or N (%) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiac damage (n = 25) | Non cardiac damage (n = 75) | ||
| Age, y | 71.0 (52.0–79.5) | 62.0 (49.0–67.0) | 0.084 |
| Gender | 0.063 | ||
| Male | 18 (72.0) | 38 (50.7) | |
| Female | 7 (28.0) | 37 (49.3) | |
| Comorbidities | 21 (84.0) | 48 (64.0) | 0.061 |
| Hypertension | 18 (72.0) | 22 (29.3) | 0.000 |
| Diabetes | 9 (36.0) | 12 (16.0) | 0.033 |
| CVD | 7 (28.0) | 8 (10.7) | 0.075 |
| COPD | 2 (8.0) | 10 (13.3) | 0.722 |
| Malignancy | 5 (20.0) | 8 (10.7) | 0.391 |
| Hypothyroidism | 1 (4.0) | 1 (1.3) | 0.439 |
| Liver cirrhosis | 0 | 3 (4.0) | 0.571 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 1 (4.0) | 1 (1.3) | 0.439 |
| Anemia | 2 (8.0) | 0 | 0.061 |
| SBP, mmHg | 135.0 (125.0–151.0) | 134.0 (121.0–148.5) | 0.368 |
| DBP, mmHg | 82.0 (76.0–90.0) | 81.0 (72.5–92.0) | 0.596 |
| Heart Rate, bpm | 89.3 ± 16.9 | 92.9 ± 16.3 | 0.351 |
| SPO2 ≤ 93.0%§ | 5 (20.0) | 5 (6.7) | 0.124 |
| Days from illness onset to admission | 10.0 (4.0–23.5) | 14.0 (8.0–28.0) | 0.152 |
| Hospitalization time, day | 30.0 (18.0–50.0) | 19.0 (12.8–36.5) | 0.024 |
| White blood count, × 109/L | 7.6 (4.6–10.5) | 5.5 (4.0–7.3) | 0.020 |
| Lymphocyte count, × 109/L | 0.9 (1.3–0.7) | 1.2 (0.8–1.7) | 0.286 |
| Platelet count, × 109/L | 190.0 (156.0–304.0) | 227.0 (170.0–297.0) | 0.389 |
| Hemoglobin, g/L | 115.1 ± 27.3 | 120.5 ± 17.4 | 0.381 |
| Prothrombin time, s | 14.3 (13.5–15.4) | 13.9 (13.3–14.2) | 0.029 |
| Activated partial thromboplastin time, s | 39.2 (37.2–45.4) | 39.1 (35.7–42.2) | 0.566 |
| Fibrinogen, g/L | 4.88 ± 1.70 | 119.2 ± 20.2 | 0.681 |
| D-dimer, mg/L | 2.44 (1.03–8.29) | 1.01 (0.40–2.69) | 0.008 |
| Alanine aminotransferase, U/L | 25.5 (12.0–44.0) | 19.0 (12.0–38.8) | 0.463 |
| Creatinine, μmol/L | 79.0 (64.0–94.8) | 64.0 (55.0–80.5) | 0.022 |
| Procalcitonin, ng/ml | 0.08 (0.05–0.23) | 0.06 (0.03–0.09) | 0.013 |
| Interleukin-6, pg/ml | 26.23 (6.09–46.06) | 6.08 (2.54–14.15) | 0.002 |
| Ferritin, ng/ml | 669.2 (332.9–992.9) | 457.6 (303.3–1292.6) | 0.773 |
| hsCRP, mg/ml | 39.4 (10.2–79.6) | 8 (2.4–41.7) | 0.019 |
| Influenza A antibody | 1 (4.0) | 4 (5.3) | 1.000 |
| Death | 0 | 4 (5.3) | 0.556 |
§Oxygen saturation was measured on admission after receiving oxygen therapy. COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVD = cardiovascular disease; SBP = systolic blood pressure; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; hsCRP = hypersensitive C-reactive protein