Table 3.

Basic characteristics and result representation of each urinary item.

Itema	Attribute	Reference interval	Report format	Converted valueb
Leucocyte esterase	Ordinal	Negative	Negative, ± , 1+, 2+, 3+, 4+	0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4
Nitrite	Ordinal	Negative	Negative, 1+, 2+, 3+, 4+	0, 1, 2, 3, 4
WBCs	Quantitative	Male: 0–12/ul; Female: 0–26/ul	/ul	0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7c
Bacterial	Ordinal	Negative	Negative, ± , 1+, 2+, 3+, 4+	0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4
WBCC	Ordinal	Negative	Negative, occasionally, rare, few, medium, mass	0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4
Epithelial cells	Quantitative	Male: 0–2/ul; Female: 0–5/ul	/ul	0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7c

^a he results of leucocyte esterase and nitrite were obtained by urine dipstick analysis while other results were obtained by urine sediment test.

^bTo facilitate UII calculation, the report format of all parameters including quantitative and ordinal data are transformed to converted format. Ordinal data such as negative, ± , 1+, 2+, 3+, 4+ represent 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, respectively. In addition, the ordinal data of white blood cell clot were converted in the same way.

^cThe rank data represent for within 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and more than 50 times of the upper limit of the reference interval, respectively.