Table 1.

Common Elements of Implementation Success Stories

Common element (lesson learned)	Post hoc examples
Developing a shared agenda among researchers and multiple types of health care stakeholders	Lorig Chronic Disease Self-Management Program deployed to community-based settings, input from end-users
Using a conceptual framework to guide implementation process	Diabetes Prevention Program used RE-AIM to evaluate implementation success, notably in scale up and spread Replicating Effective Programs served as a framework for planning and deploying implementation of HIV prevention interventions
Evaluating the implementation process to make the business case	Primary Care-Mental Health Integration evaluated facilitation implementation strategy
Empowering operational experts (implementers) to deploy intervention to existing providers	Patient safety checklists garnered support from hospital executives and frontline providers, and included a “playbook” of implementation strategies (e.g., executive leadership involvement, performance monitoring, provider consultation)
Enabling and guiding adaptations to the intervention to promote end-user acceptance	Dissemination of Evidence-Based Interventions deployed the Replicating Effective Program’s packaging, implementation strategy that allowed providers to develop “menu options” to intervention delivery based on multi-stakeholder input
Building capacity for enterprise-wide implementation/quality improvement	Primary Care-Mental Health Integration National Program established in VA to support implementation consultation, performance monitoring, and training CDC Diabetes Prevention Program Resource Guide and Disseminating Evidence-Based Intervention (DEBI) for HIV prevention