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. 2019 Dec 31;222(11):1869–1881. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiz692

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© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com

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Figure 5. — Monocytes/macrophages are essential to protect trained mice from listeriosis. A, Experimental model to study the role of monocytes/macrophages in trained immunity (left) and survival of mice treated with clodronate or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) liposomes and challenged intravenously with 1.4 × 10⁵ colony-forming units (CFUs) of Listeria monocytogenes (right). B, Experimental model to study the role of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) in trained immunity (left). Survival of mice treated with anti-Ly6G or isotype control antibody and challenged intravenously with 1.3 × 10⁵ CFUs of L. monocytogenes (middle) and bacteria in blood collected 18 hours after infection (right). C, Leukocytes in blood collected 2 days after infection with L. monocytogenes (n = 8 mice per group.) *P ≤ .01; †P ≤ .01; ‡P ≤ .001.