Table 2.
Mean serum beta-hydroxy butyrate (BHB) (monthly), urine ketone levels (daily), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG, daily)
| Subject no. | Group no. | Serum BHB (mmol/l) | Urine ketone levels mg/dL | FPG (mg/dL) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | KD mean (min, max) 1 | Baseline | KD mean (min, max)1 | Baseline | KD mean (min, max) 1 | ||
| 1 | 1 | 2.972 | 2.51 (1.3–4.6) | 80 | 58.6 (15–160) | 76 | 76.91 (49–163) |
| 2 3 | 1 | NA4 | 2.33 (1–3) | 0 | 68.23 (0–80) | 1033 | 101.35 (77–162) |
| 3 | 1 | 0.07 | 3.66 (1.9–5.3) | 0 | 64.3 (15–160) | 73 | 85.82 (67–112) |
| 4 | 1 | 0.95 | 3.14 (1.5–6.54) | 0 | 63.66 (5–160) | 80 | 79.86 (64–98) |
| 5 | 2 | NA | 0.28 (0.1–0.5) | 0 | 4.7 (0–15) | 82 | 95.90 (73–108) |
| 6 | 2 | 0.36 | 1.08 (0.06–2.11) | 0 | 37.92 (5–80) | 106 | 105.46 (44–174) |
| 7 | 2 | 0.14 | NA | 0 | NA | 59 | NA |
| 8 | 2 | NA | 0.26 (0.08–0.4) | 0 | 24.69 (5–40) | 117 | 75.15 (65–94) |
All figures are given to the nearest two decimal points
1Minimum and maximum values during the whole study
2Patient had started KD previously on his own. BHOB was collected after screening
3Patient had type 2 diabetes on oral hypoglycemic medications Metformin 1500 mg/day, sulfonylurea 40 mg/day. He stopped all diabetic medications by KD week 3
4NA not available