Table 1.
Gestational diabetes mellitus screening and diagnostic criteria
| Guidelines | Year | Approach | GCT | GCT Glucose Threshold | OGTT | OGTT Glucose Threshold Values | GDM Diagnosis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fasting | 1-h | 2-h | 3-h | |||||||
| One-step approaches | ||||||||||
| International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG) [48] | 2010 | 1-step | – | – | 75-g | 5.1 mmol/L (92 mg/dL) | 10 mmol/L (180 mg/dL) | 8.5 mmol/L (153 mg/dL) | – | ≥1 abnormal OGTT |
| World Health Organization (WHO) [49] | 1999 | 1-step | – | – | 75-g | 7 mmol/L (126 mg/dL) | – | 7.8 mmol/L (140 mg/dL) | – | ≥1 abnormal OGTT |
| WHO - Modified [45, 50] | 2006 | 1-step | – | – | 75-g | DIP: 7 mmol/L (126 mg/dL); GDM: 5.1–6.9 mmol/L (92–124 mg/dL) | DIP: 11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dL); GDM: 8.5–11 mmol/L (153–198 mg/dL) | DIP or GDM: ≥1 abnormal OGTT | ||
| Two-step approaches | ||||||||||
| Australian Diabetes in Pregnancy Society (ADIPS) [51] | 1991 | 2-step | 50-g | 7.8 mmol/L (140 mg/dL) | 75-g | 5.5 mmol/L (99 mg/dL) | – | 8 mmol/L (144 mg/dL) | – | ≥1 abnormal OGTT |
| Carpenter and Coustan [52] | 1982 | 2-step | 50-g | 7.8 mmol/L (140 mg/dL) | 100-g | 5.3 mmol/L (95 mg/dL) | 10 mmol/L (180 mg/dL) | 8.6 mmol/L (155 mg/dL) | 7.8 mmol/L (140 mg/dL) | ≥2 abnormal OGTT |
| National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG) Criteria [53] | 1979 | 2-step | 50-g | 7.8 mmol/L (140 mg/dL) | 100-g | 5.8 mmol/L (105 mg/dL) | 10.5 mmol/L (189 mg/dL) | 9.2 mmol/L (166 mg/dL) | 8.0 mmol/L (144 mg/dL) | ≥2 abnormal OGTT |
| WHO - Modified [46, 49] | 1999 | 2-step | Random glucose | 6.5 mmol/L (117 mg/dL) | 75-g | 6 mmol/ (108 mg/dL) | – | 7.8 mmol/L (140 mg/dL) | – | ≥1 abnormal OGTT |
| WHO - Modified [37] | 1999 | 2-step | 50-g | 7.7 mmol/L (139 mg/dL) | 75-g | 6.1 mmol/L | – | 7.8 mmol/L | – | ≥1 abnormal OGTT |
Abbreviations: GCT glucose challenge test, OGT oral glucose tolerance test, GDM gestational diabetes mellitus, DIP diabetes in pregnancy