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. 2020 Nov 9;10:19374. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-76600-6

Figure 6.

Figure 6

PIAA enhances proliferation and function of β-cells in non-diabetic human islets. (A) Glucose stimulated insulin secretion of human islets treated with DMSO or PIAA. Triplicate per condition from 3 cadaveric donors. (B,C) RT-qPCR analysis of β-cell genes that confer mature features INS (B) and MAFA (C) in DMSO- and PIAA-treated human islets. (DE′) Confocal single-plane images of human islets treated with DMSO (D,D′) and PIAA (E,E′), respectively, stained for Ki67 (red, white arrows), Topro (blue), and INSULIN (green). Scale bar: 20 μm. (F) The percentage (± SEM) of Ki67 and Insulin-double positive cells in human islets in DE′. An average of 1391 (vehicle) and 1335 (PIAA) insulin-positive cells were counted (five 96-wells/treatment). (G) RT-qPCR analysis of proliferation gene Ki67 in DMSO- and PIAA-treated human islets. Gene expression was normalized to that of GAPDH and presented as fold changes (± SEM) against control expression. 3 sample sets per treatment, triplicate per each sample set. 3 cadaveric donors. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons (A) and unpaired two-tailed t-test (B,C and F,G). Asterisk indicates statistical significance: *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001.