Table 1.
Descriptive statistics for study cohort, overall and stratified by the presence of disease of despair (DoD) diagnosis at any point during follow up, 2007–2018
| Overall | No DoD | DoD | P value | |
| n=12 144 252 (100.0%) |
n=11 628 422 (95.8%) |
n=5 15 830 (4.2%) |
||
| N (%)/M (SD) | ||||
| Type of DoD diagnosis | ||||
| Alcohol-related | 278 309 (2.3%) | – | 278 309 (54.0%) | |
| Drug-related | 228 227 (1.9%) | – | 228 227 (44.2%) | |
| Suicide ideation/behaviour | 84 117 (0.7%) | – | 84 117 (16.3%) | |
| Multiple diagnosis types | 66 585 (0.5%) | – | 66 585 (12.9%) | |
| Gender | <0.001 | |||
| Women | 6 124 183 (50.4%) | 5 909 902 (50.8%) | 214 281 (41.5%) | |
| Men | 6 020 069 (49.6%) | 5 718 520 (49.2%) | 301 549 (58.5%) | |
| Age at enrolment midpoint (years) | <0.001 | |||
| 0–17 | 2 666 135 (22%) | 2 625 797 (22.6%) | 40 338 (7.8%) | |
| 18–25 | 1 539 995 (12.7%) | 1 456 629 (12.5%) | 83 366 (16.2%) | |
| 26–35 | 1 752 493 (14.4%) | 1 677 395 (14.4%) | 75 098 (14.6%) | |
| 36–45 | 1 638 938 (13.5%) | 1 560 822 (13.4%) | 78 116 (15.1%) | |
| 46–55 | 1 754 037 (14.4%) | 1 659 732 (14.3%) | 94 305 (18.3%) | |
| 56–65 | 1 628 179 (13.4%) | 1 547 308 (13.3%) | 80 871 (15.7%) | |
| 66–75 | 586 303 (4.8%) | 552 101 (4.7%) | 34 202 (6.6%) | |
| 76–85 | 366 120 (3%) | 345 023 (3%) | 21 097 (4.1%) | |
| 85+ | 212 052 (1.7%) | 203 615 (1.8%) | 8437 (1.6%) | |
| No of years enrolled | 4.8 (3.4) | 4.7 (3.4) | 6.6 (3.4) | <0.001 |
| Most recent enrolment | <0.001 | |||
| 2007–2009 | 1 467 763 (12.1%) | 1 440 453 (12.4%) | 27 310 (5.3%) | |
| 2010–2012 | 1 796 257 (14.8%) | 1 739 269 (15%) | 56 988 (11.0%) | |
| 2013–2015 | 2 528 619 (20.8%) | 2 421 676 (20.8%) | 106 943 (20.7%) | |
| 2016–2018 | 6 351 613 (52.3%) | 6 027 024 (51.8%) | 324 589 (62.9%) | |
| Medical insurance type | <0.001 | |||
| Employer sponsored | 9 516 477 (78.4%) | 9 105 741 (78.3%) | 410 736 (79.6%) | |
| ACA | 354 355 (2.9%) | 340 900 (2.9%) | 13 455 (2.6%) | |
| Medicare | 752 594 (6.2%) | 699 619 (6%) | 52 975 (10.3%) | |
| Other | 1 520 825 (12.5%) | 1 482 161 (12.7%) | 38 664 (7.5%) | |
If there were multiple values on file for state or type of insurance, the value covering longest period was selected. Affordable Care Act (ACA) plans were available 2014–2018.