Table 1.

Selected clinical, hematological and echocardiographic parameters in dogs with different stages (Stages A, B2, C, and D) of heart failure. Mean ± SEM

Parameters	Stage A (n = 8)	Stage B2 (n = 6)	Stage C (n = 10)	Stage D (n = 5)
Clinical variables
Age (years)	3.5 ± 0.3a	6.0 ± 1.6ab	8.6 ± 1.6 b*	9.1 ± 1.8 b**
Body Weight (Kg)	23.5 ± 3.8 a	19.1 ± 4.7 a	16.0 ± 5.6 a	34.1 ± 8.5 a
Gender (M/F)	2 / 6	2 / 4	6 / 4	3 / 2
Haematological variables
WBC (×103/mm3)	11.5 ± 1.1a	10.1 ± 1.4a	18.4 ± 2.5b#**	18.7 ± 1.5b#**
Neu (× 103/mm3)	7.9 ± 0.8 a	7.3 ± 0.9 a	14.4 ± 2.2 b**	15.7 ± 1.3b**
cTnI ng/mL	0.03 ± 0.04 a	0.03 ± 0.03 a	1.80 ± 1.39 b***	5.30 ± 2.01 c***
Echocardiographic variables
RVd (cm)	0.62 ± 0.09 a	0.96 ± 0.11 a	0.97 ± 0.33 a	1.36 ± 0.35 a
IVSd (cm)	0.9 ± 0.1 a	1.1 ± 0.1 a	0.7 ± 0.0 a	1.0 ± 0.1 a
IVSs (cm)	1.1 ± 0.1 a	1.3 ± 0.1 a	0.9 ± 0.0 a	1.2 ± 0.1 a
LVd (cm)	3.2 ± 0.2 a	3.0 ± 0.5 a	3.9 ± 0.4 a	5.7 ± 2.0 b#**
LVs (cm)	2.2 ± 0.2 a	2.1 ± 0.1 a	2.8 ± 0.4 a	4.3 ± 0.8 b**#*
PWd (cm)	1.0 ± 0.1 a	0.9 ± 0.1 a	0.6 ± 0.0 b**	0.9 ± 0.0 a
PWs (cm)	1.2 ± 0.1 a	1.2 ± 0.1 a	0.7 ± 0.0 b***	1.3 ± 0.1 a
LA /Ao	1.1 ± 0.0 a	1.6 ± 0.1 b	2.2 ± 0.1 b#***	2.3 ± 0.1 bc#***
LVIDDn	1.38 ± 0.31a	1.72 ± 0.12 b**	1.78 ± 0.18bc**	2.03 ± 0.49c***#***
MV E/A	1.9 ± 0.21 a	2.2 ± 0.2 ab	2.2 ± 0.1 ab	3.0 ± 0.5 b*
EPSS (cm) (DCM/MMVD)	0.2 ± 0.1a	0.4 ± 0.0a (0.7 ± 0.3/0.2 ± 0.1+)	0.5 ± 0.1 ab (1.2 ± 0.3/0.3 ± 0.1+)	1.2 ± 0.3 b* (1.5 ± 0.4/0.4 ± 0.1+)
FS (%) (DCM/MMVD)	32 ± 2 a	35 ± 2a (31 ± 3/38 ± 5)	29 ± 2 a (16 ± 6/33 ± 7+)	26.7 ± 5.5 a (16 ± 7/47 ± 9+)

In the same rows, the difference between different letters was statistically significant, but the difference between all values with the same letter was not significant. ^* P < 0.05; ^** P < 0.01; ^*** P < 0.001

^# Compared with Stage B2

+ Comparison between dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) (at least, P < 0.05)