TABLE 1.

Characteristics of the research participants.

Pub ID	Age range (years)	Time between injury and surgery (years)	Injury level	AIS	Approx. lesion center	Adhesions	Decom-pression	Wallerian Deg.	Study
B30	21–25	3.2	T1	B	C6–C7	None	A, P	P	1
B23	26–30	4.2	C7	B	C5	A	A, P	A, P	1
A80	31–35	7.9	C6	A	C6	A	A, P	P	2
B21	31–35	6.9	C4	B	C5	P	P	A, P	2
A41	21–25	7.2	C4	A	C5	P	A, P	P	2
A68	31–35	3.8	C5	A	C6	A, P	A, P	P	2
A99	16–20	2.8	C4	A	C4–C5	A, P	A, P	P, min	3
B32	61–65	7.4	C4	B	C6	A	A, P	A, P	3
A101	31–35	2.4	C2	A	C3–C4	None	A	P	3
A96	26–30	3.1	C4	A	C5	A, P	A, P	A, P min	3
A110	21–25	5.8	C5	A	C7	None	A, P	A, P	3
B41	26–30	8.6	C8	B	C7	None	A	A, P	3
B47	41–45	8.2	C4	B	C4–C5	A, P	A	A, P	3

Injury level: neurological level of the lesion by AIS (American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale; Burns et al., 2012). Approx. lesion center: vertebral level used for Spinal Cord Toolbox (De Leener et al., 2017) template registration based on the approximate lesion center. Clinical interpretation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging including presence of adhesions, type of decompression performed, and evidence for Wallerian degeneration (A, anterior; P, posterior). Each individual was enrolled in an interventional study focused on either the facilitation of standing and stepping (Study 1), the recovery of cardiovascular function (Study 2), or the recovery of cardiovascular function as well as volitional leg movements and standing (Study 3).