Figure 2.

Mechanisms of neddylation modification against viral infection. A, Neddylation of proteins involved in the host ribosome system reduces its stability and blocks the replication of the virus. B, Neddylation modification contributes to the degradation of host restriction factors and releases suppression to the replication of the virus. C, Neddylation modulates the production of type I interferons mainly in NF‐κB‐ and IRF3‐dependent manner. Phosphorylated IRF3 or p50/p65 dimerizes and is translocated into the nuclear compartment to induce the expression of antiviral genes. Phosphorylated IRP‐3 and IκB are recognized by CRLs and induced the proteasomal degradation. CLR, Cullin‐RING E3 ligase; IRF, interferon regulatory factor; NF‐κB, nuclear factor kappa B