Figure 5.
Noncoding RNA‐mediated macrophage phenotypic regulation in renal fibrosis. Renal fibrosis contributes greatly to end‐stage renal failure, characterized by the excessive ECM deposition in the interstitium of kidney. In response to the different injuries, infiltrating and resident macrophages could undergo M1 or M2 polarization, which is largely dependent on the regulation of multiple noncoding RNAs. ECM, extracellular matrix; IR, ischemia‐reperfusion; RF, renal fibrosis