Figure 2.
Glucose-lowering mechanisms of SGLT2 inhibitors. The renal proximal tubule accounts for the absorption of all the filtered glucose (~180 g/day) while SGLT2, which is located in the early part of the proximal tubule (S1), accounts for the 80%–90% of filtered glucose reabsorption. Therefore, SGLT2Is prevent major reabsorption (80–90%) of filtered glucose in the early proximal tubule and increase urinary glucose excretion.